Abstract
Theoretical framework and an appropriate algorithm is developed to measure the nonstationarity (NS) of data streams. With the nonstationary measure, the properties of stock returns are studied. Three experiments illustrate that: the nonstationarity of stock return can not be diversified with big portfolio; nonstationarity, which can explain the risk premium, is positively related to the investing period.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
The selected indices include S&P 500 from the US; FTSE 100, DAX, CAC 40 and EURO STOXX 50 index from Europe; Nikkei 225, Hang Seng Index, SSE Composite Index, Straits Times Index, and S&P/ASX 200 from Asia; and S&P/TSX Composite Index from Canada. For more information about these indices, please visit http://finance.yahoo.com/stock-center/.
- 2.
The component stocks are as listed on December 01, 2014. For more information about S&P 500 index please visit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_S%26P_500_companies.
- 3.
- 4.
- 5.
It is observed that in the beginning of 2001, there are only 985 companies are listed on the two stock exchanges in China. After ten years of development this figure increases to 2028 at the end of 2010.
References
H. Markowitz, Portfolio selection. J. Financ. 7, 77–91 (1952)
W.F. Sharpe, Capital asset prices: a theory of market equilibrium under conditions of risk. J. Financ. 19, 425–442 (1964)
S.A. Ross, The arbitrage theory of capital asset pricing. J. Econ. Theory 13, 341–360 (1976)
N.F. Chen, R. Roll, S.A. Ross, Economic forces and the stock market. J. Bus. 59, 383–403 (1986)
E.F. Fama, K.R. French, Common risk factors in the returns on stocks and bonds. J. Financ. Econ. 33, 3–56 (1993)
C.J. Neely, D.E. Rapach, J. Tu, G.F. Zhou, Forecasting the equity risk premium: the role of technical indicators. Manag. Sci. 60, 1772–1791 (2014)
R.M. Gray, J.C. Kieffer, Asymptotically mean stationary measures. Ann. Probab. 8, 962–973 (1980)
D.A. Dickey, W.A. Fuller, Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 74, 427–431 (1979)
T. Schreiber, Detecting and analyzing nonstationarity in a time series using nonlinear cross predictions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 843–846 (1997)
C. Rieke, K. Sternickel, R.G. Andrzejak, C.E. Elger, P. David, K. Lehnertz, Measuring nonstationarity by analyzing the loss of recurrence in dynamical systems, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002)
N.E. Huang, Z. Shen, S.R. Long, M.C. Wu, H.H. Shih, Q. Zheng, N.C. Yen, C.C. Tung, H.H. Liu, The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis. Proc. R. Soc. A: Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 454, 903–995 (1998)
Y.M. Ding, W.T. Fan, Q.H. Tan, K.K. Wu, Y.J. Zou, Nonstationarity measure of data stream. Acta Mathematica Scientia 30(A), 1364–1376 (2010)
Q.H. Tan, The non-stationarity measure of time series and its application, Ph.D. thesis, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2013
Acknowledgments
The author is funded by Zhongnan University of Economics and Law with the Start-Up Grant (No. 31541310516) and the General Research Fund (No. 31541410505).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Wu, K. (2015). Nonstationarity of Stock Returns. In: Bohner, M., Ding, Y., Došlý, O. (eds) Difference Equations, Discrete Dynamical Systems and Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, vol 150. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24747-2_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24747-2_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-24745-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-24747-2
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)