Abstract
When you square any number by multiplying it by itself, whether it is positive or negative, the result is always a positive number.
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Notes
- 1.
We note that solving the self-energy problem by invoking vacuum polarization brings with it some unwanted baggage: the theory leads to an overestimate of the energy content of the vacuum, otherwise known as the cosmological constant, by a factor of \(10^{120}\).
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Cramer, J.G. (2016). Reversing Time. In: The Quantum Handshake. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24642-0_4
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