Abstract
The subantarctic zone is a largely oceanic region found roughly within the latitudes of 40 and 60° South. This region is the threshold of Antarctica, a zone where the climate is less harsh than that found on the frozen continent itself, resulting in greater biological diversity. The landmass in this region is limited, consisting only of the southern cone of South America, and a handful of small, widely scattered islands. The terrestrial fauna of these remote islands is markedly poor when compared with that found on continental mainlands, and there is also considerable variability between island groups. Larger islands, and those closer to continents tend to host more species than smaller, more remote islands. Invasive species also have an enormous impact on the biodiversity of subantarctic islands.
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Carey, P.W. (2015). Remote Ocean Outposts. In: Liggett, D., Storey, B., Cook, Y., Meduna, V. (eds) Exploring the Last Continent. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18947-5_9
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