Abstract
Primary cancer prevention and screening for early detection in resource-limited tropical areas should be focused toward cancers causing the greatest burden of disease. This burden is partly due to population growth and aging and to slow progress against infection-related cancers and the marketing-driven rise of smoking and obesity. The predicted demographic changes will probably increase the number of people with cancer to more than 20 million per year by 2030. However, the implementation of preventive measures targeting known risk factors in low- and middle-HDI countries could be highly effective and could avert much of the predicted rise of incidence and mortality. These interventions include smoking reduction, promotion of physical activity and healthy eating, and vaccinations against hepatitis B virus and carcinogenic human papillomavirus infections. Early detection of cervical cancer and, where possible, breast and colon cancer will also contribute to the reduction of cancer mortality.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Jemal A, Bray F, Forman D, O’Brien M, Ferlay J, Center M et al (2012) Cancer burden in Africa and opportunities for prevention. Cancer 118(18):4372–4384
Bray F, Jemal A, Grey N, Ferlay J, Forman D (2012) Global cancer transitions according to the Human Development Index (2008–2030): a population-based study. Lancet Oncol 13(8):790–801
Newton RW, Bray KF (2014) Cancer in the tropics. In: Jeremy Farrar NJW, Hotez PJ, Junghanss T, Lalloo D, Kang G (eds) Manson’s tropical diseases, 23rd edn. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 879–93
Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M et al (2015) Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer 136(5):E359–86
de Martel C, Ferlay J, Franceschi S, Vignat J, Bray F, Forman D et al (2012) Global burden of cancers attributable to infections in 2008: a review and synthetic analysis. Lancet Oncol 13(6):607–615
Vaccarella S, Lortet-Tieulent J, Plummer M, Franceschi S, Bray F (2013) Worldwide trends in cervical cancer incidence: impact of screening against changes in disease risk factors. Eur J Cancer 49(15):3262–3273
Kreimer AR, Rodriguez AC, Hildesheim A, Herrero R, Porras C, Schiffman M et al (2011) Proof-of-principle evaluation of the efficacy of fewer than three doses of a bivalent HPV16/18 vaccine. J Natl Cancer Inst 103(19):1444–1451
Bray F, Ren JS, Masuyer E, Ferlay J (2013) Global estimates of cancer prevalence for 27 sites in the adult population in 2008. Int J Cancer 132(5):1133–1145
Lyons SF, Liebowitz DN (1998) The roles of human viruses in the pathogenesis of lymphoma. Semin Oncol 25(4):461–475
Parkin DM (2006) The global health burden of infection-associated cancers in the year 2002. Int J Cancer 118(12):3030–3044
Wagacha JM, Muthomi JW (2008) Mycotoxin problem in Africa: current status, implications to food safety and health and possible management strategies. Int J Food Microbiol 124(1):1–12
Dubray J, Schwartz R, Chaiton M, O’Connor S, Cohen JE (2014) The effect of MPOWER on smoking prevalence. Tobacco Control
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Nacher, M., Roué, T. (2015). Cancer Screening and Prevention in the Tropics. In: Droz, JP., Carme, B., Couppié, P., Nacher, M., Thiéblemont, C. (eds) Tropical Hemato-Oncology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18257-5_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18257-5_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-18256-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-18257-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)