Abstract
This chapter investigates how low-cost virtual reality equipment can be used in the study of human wayfinding aided by maps in a virtual environment. In particular, the chapter looks into how head-up maps perform compared to north-up maps. An experiment including two mazes in a virtual environment was prepared and the navigation through the mazes was accomplished by a number of human subjects. In our experiment, the time used by each subject was measured. The timing showed no significant differences between the use of head-up maps and north-up maps when the subjects were finding their way by the use of Oculus Rift DK1 in the actual environment.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Anderson TW, Darling DA (1954) A test of goodness of fit. J Amer Stat Assoc 49(268):765–769
Antonov M, Mitchell N, Reisse A, Cooper L, La Valle S, Katsev M (2013) SDK overview, SDK version 0.2.5. Oculus VR. URL: http://static.oculusvr.com/sdk-downloads/documents/Oculus_SDK_Overview.pdf. Accessed May 13 2014)
Aretz AJ (1991) The design of electronic map displays. Human Factors J Human Factors Ergon Soc 33(1):85–101
Aretz Anthony J, Wickens Christopher D (1992) The mental rotation of map displays. Human Perform 5(4):303–328
Bakker NH, Werkhoven PJ, Passeniern PO (1999) The effects of proprioceptive and visual feedback on geographical orientation in virtual environments. Presence Teleoper Virtual Environ 8(1):36–53. doi:10.1162/105474699566035
Buchholz H, Bohnet J, Dollner J (2005) Smart and physically-based navigation in 3D geovirtual environments. In: Proceedings of Ninth international conference on information visualisation, 2005, pp 629–635. doi:10.1109/IV.2005.117
Cuevas HM, Huthmann A, Knudsen A, Wei C (2001) Performance differences in a navigation task among users presented with a north-up versus track-up orientation map display. Proc Human Factors Ergon Soc Ann Meet 45(23):1666–1670. doi:10.1177/154193120104502322
Darken RP, Cevik H (1999). Map usage in virtual environments: orientation issues. In: Proceedings of IEEE virtual reality, pp 133–140
Darken RP, Peterson B (2002) Spatial orientation, wayfinding, and representation. In: Handbook of virtual environments, pp 493–518
EpicGames (2014) Unreal development kit. URL: https://www.unrealengine.com/products/udk. Accessed June 9 2014)
Golledge RG (1999) Human wayfinding and cognitive maps. In: Wayfinding behavior: cognitive mapping and other spatial processes, pp 5–45. ISBN:9780801859939
Henriksen SP, Midtbø T (2014) Map related experiments by the use of oculus rift. Work in progress
Hermann F, Bieber G, Duesterhoeft A (2003) Egocentric maps on mobile devices. In: The proceedings of international workshop on mobile computing, pp 32–37. Fraunhofer IRB Verlag
Hoffman Hunter G, Meyer Walter J, Ramirez Maribel, Roberts Linda, Seibel Eric J, Atzori Barbara, Sharar Sam R, Patterson David R (2014) Feasibility of articulated arm mounted oculus rift virtual reality goggles for adjunctive pain control during occupational therapy in pediatric burn patients. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 17(6):397–401. doi:10.1089/cyber.2014.0058
Kickstarter (2014) Oculus rift: step into the game. URL: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&term=oculus+rift. Accessed 28 Oct 2014)
Klatzky RL (1998) Allocentric and egocentric spatial representations: definitions, distinctions, and interconnections. In: Freksa C, Habel C, Wender KF (eds) Spatial cognition. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 1404. Springer, Berlin, pp 1–17. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-69342-4_1
Kot T, Novák P (2014) Utilization of the oculus rift HMD in mobile robot teleoperation. App Mech Mater 555:199–208. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.555.199
Kozhevnikov M, Garcia A (2011) Visual-spatial learning and training in collaborative design in virtual environments. In: Wang, X, Tsai JJH (eds) Collaborative design in virtual environments. Intelligent systems, control and automation: science and engineering, vol 48. Springer, Netherlands, pp 17–26. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-007-0605-7_2
MacEachren AM, Edsall R, Haug D, Baxter R, Otto G, Masters R, Fuhrmann S, Qian L (1999) Virtual environments for geographic visualization: potential and challenges. In: Proceedings of the 1999 workshop on new paradigms in information visualization and manipulation in conjunction with the eighth ACM international conference on information and knowledge management. ACM, New York, pp 35–40. doi:10.1145/331770.331781
Meng L (2005) Egocentric design of map-based mobile services. Cartographic J 42(1):5–13
Montello DR, Sas C (2006) Human factors of wayfinding in navigation. In: Karwowski W (ed) International encyclopedia of ergonomics and human factors. CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, Ltd, pp 2003–2008. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/42335/
Nilsson NC, Serafin S, Nordahl R (2014) Establishing the range of perceptually natural visual walking speeds for virtual walking-in-place locomotion. IEEE Trans Vis Comp Graph 20(4):569–578. doi:10.1109/TVCG.2014.21
Porathe T (2005). Navigation with Exocentric 2-D and Egocentric 3-D Maps. In: Proceedings of the 37th annual conference of the Nordic ergonomic society. Oslo
Sherman WR, Craig AB (2003) In Understanding virtual reality: interface, application, and design. Morgan Kaufmann, Burlington. ISBN:9781558603530
Smets NJJM, te Brake GM, Neerincx MA, Lindenberg J (2008) Effects of mobile map orientation and tactile feedback on navigation speed and situation awareness. In: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on human computer interaction with mobile devices and services. ACM, pp 73–80
Steck SD, Mallot HA (2000) The role of global and local landmarks in virtual environment navigation. Presence Teleoper Virtual Environ 9(1):69–83. doi:10.1162/105474600566628
Török Á, Nguyen TP, Kolozsvári O, Buchanan RJ, Nadasdy Z (2014) Reference frames in virtual spatial navigation are viewpoint dependent. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00646 (September)
Van Veen HAHC, Distler HK, Braun SJ, Bülthoff HH (1998) Navigating through a virtual city: using virtual reality technology to study human action and perception. Future Gener Comp Syst 14(3):231–242
Viita D, Werner S (2006) Alignment effects on simple turn decisions in track-up and north-up maps. In: Proceedings of the human factors and ergonomics society annual meeting, vol 50. SAGE Publications, New York, pp 1519–1522
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Henriksen, S.P., Midtbø, T. (2015). Investigation of Map Orientation by the Use of Low-Cost Virtual Reality Equipment. In: Robbi Sluter, C., Madureira Cruz, C., Leal de Menezes, P. (eds) Cartography - Maps Connecting the World. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17738-0_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17738-0_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-17737-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-17738-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)