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Metabolic Surgery

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Minimally Invasive Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery

Abstract

“Metabolic surgery [is] the operative manipulation of a normal organ or organ system to achieve a biological result for a potential health gain” is our definition of this discipline of surgery from the foreword to our 1978 text titled Metabolic Surgery. This concept is a broad interpretation of the role of the surgeon in medicine’s battle against disease and the capability of surgery to contribute to proactive health care. Surgery had its roots in incisional surgery, which rapidly transitioned to extirpative and subsequently reconstructive surgery, and has presently entered a realization of past and current accomplishments best characterized as metabolic surgery. Bariatric surgery has not transitioned into being metabolic surgery but has always been a part of metabolic surgery. This chapter discusses the old and newly proposed mechanisms of action for the metabolic/bariatric procedures, the specific neurologic networks and hormones involved, the energy metabolism of obesity, the involvement of inflammation, and the present and future outcomes for this acquired knowledge. We must view metabolic surgery not as a compilation of operations but as a means to unravel the etiology of obesity and, in particular, its comorbidity type 2 diabetes. In the final analysis, metabolic surgery is cognitive surgery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 290, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Henry Buchwald MD, PhD

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  1. Henry Buchwald MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Henry Buchwald MD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. General and Emergency Surgery, Bariatric Surgery, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy

    Marcello Lucchese

  2. Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

    Nicola Scopinaro

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Buchwald, H. (2015). Metabolic Surgery. In: Lucchese, M., Scopinaro, N. (eds) Minimally Invasive Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15356-8_8

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