Abstract
The history of electronic communication started with the invention of the telegraph in 1831. Joseph Henry demonstrated long-distance communication by sending an electric pulse over a 1-mile long wire to drive a William Sturgeon device [Stu24]. This so-called electromagnet was striking a bell when the electric pulse reached the other end of the wire [Bel]. In 1837, Samuel Morse improved the invention of Henry and developed the first practical and commercial implementation of the telegraph. Figure 1.1a shows an early commercial implementation of a telegraph receiver [Cli08]. In the 1840s and 1850s, the telegraph system started to spread in North America, but it took until 1858 before the first transatlantic link was operational.
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Deferm, N., Reynaert, P. (2015). Introduction. In: CMOS Front Ends for Millimeter Wave Wireless Communication Systems. Analog Circuits and Signal Processing. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13951-7_1
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