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Temporary Environments

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Extremophile Fishes

Abstract

Temporary aquatic habitats are common in arid and semiarid ecosystems across the globe. They are an especially harsh and challenging environment for aquatic organisms, and this has resulted in the evolution of only a few successful lineages of fishes that can permanently inhabit and exploit these resources. The most successful group of fishes are the annual killifishes found in Africa and South America that survive the drying of their aquatic habitat as embryos. A few osmeriform fishes and lungfishes experience similar conditions, but instead survive through estivation of the adult form. In this chapter, we review the life history, ecology, and evolutionary biology of these unique and successful fishes that have managed to survive in habitats unavailable to other fishes.

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Acknowledgments

MP was financially supported by CSF project P505/11/P646, and JEP was supported by NIH grant R01 HL095454 and NSF grant IOS1354549.

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Polačik, M., Podrabsky, J.E. (2015). Temporary Environments. In: Riesch, R., Tobler, M., Plath, M. (eds) Extremophile Fishes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13362-1_10

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