Penetration Logging Methods and Equipment

Abstract

In this chapter a group of field methods for determining the physical and mechanical properties of grounds in situ for geoengineering practice is presented. The solution of a problem is achieved on the basis of combining the soil static penetration test and nuclear logging methods. The first experimental study on the application of the nuclear penetration logging method was started in 1962. The group of methods, which were tested and included in the penetration logging rig, are as follows: natural gamma logging (GL), gamma-gamma logging (GGL), neutron-neutron logging (NNL), static penetration test of the ground with recording of cone resistance and the lateral jacket friction test by electro-sensing strain gauges. These were the objectives: for lithological stratification of the geological section under investigation; for determination of soil density; for determination of soil moisture and identification of the groundwater table; for obtaining the mechanical characteristics (modulus of compressibility and coefficient of the ground friction along the penetration section). The penetration logging rigs and equipment SUGP-10, SPK, SPKT and submerged penetration logging installation PSPK-69 are described.