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Transcriptome in Human Mycoses

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Transcriptomics in Health and Disease

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Abstract

Mycoses are infectious diseases caused by fungi, which incidence has increased in recent decades due to the increasing number of immunocompromised patients and improved diagnostic tests. As eukaryotes, fungi share many similarities with human cells, making it difficult to design drugs without side effects. Commercially available drugs act on a limited number of targets, and has been reported fungal resistance to commonly used antifungal drugs. Therefore, elucidating the pathogenesis of fungal infections, the fungal strategies to overcome the hostile environment of the host, and the action of antifungal drugs is essential for developing new therapeutic approaches and diagnostic tests. Large-scale transcriptional analyses using microarrays and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), combined with improvements in molecular biology techniques, have improved the study of fungal pathogenicity. Such techniques have provided insights into the infective process by identifying molecular strategies used by the host and pathogen during the course of human mycoses. In this chapter, the latest discoveries about the transcriptome of major human fungal pathogens will be discussed. Genes that are essential for host-pathogen interactions, immune response, invasion, infection, antifungal drug response and resistance will be highlighted. Finally, their importance to the discovery of new molecular targets for antifungal drugs will be discussed.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from Brazilian funding agencies FAPESP (Grant No. 2008/58634-7), CNPq, CAPES and FAEPA. NTAP was supported by postdoctoral fellowships from FAPESP (2009/08411-4) and CNPq (503809/2012-8), GFP was supported by ­postdoctoral fellowships from FAPESP (2012/22232-8 and 2013/19195-6) and EASL by postdoctoral fellowships from FAPESP (2011/08424-9) and CNPq (150980/2013-2).

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  1. Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

    Nalu T. A. Peres, Gabriela F. Persinoti, Elza A. S. Lang, Antonio Rossi & Nilce M. Martinez-Rossi

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  1. Nalu T. A. Peres
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  2. Gabriela F. Persinoti
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  3. Elza A. S. Lang
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  4. Antonio Rossi
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  5. Nilce M. Martinez-Rossi
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  1. Department of Genetics, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

    Geraldo A. Passos

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Peres, N., Persinoti, G., Lang, E., Rossi, A., Martinez-Rossi, N. (2014). Transcriptome in Human Mycoses. In: Passos, G. (eds) Transcriptomics in Health and Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11985-4_13

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