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Osmotolerant Microbial Resources of Saline Ecologies of India: Dynamics and Potential

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Bacterial Diversity in Sustainable Agriculture

Part of the book series: Sustainable Development and Biodiversity ((SDEB,volume 1))

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Abstract

In India, about 1.7 m ha saline, 3.8 m ha sodic-saline and 1.2 m ha coastal saline area and, about 6749 km2 mangroves spread on coastal and Island regions constitute the saline ecologies. The mangroves are fragile but highly important ecological entities, which have great biodiversity and novel natural resources including the microbes. The coastal and inland salinity severely affect productivity. However, every ecological niche has well-adapted resident microbial guilds which maintain the ecosystem functioning. Researches on diverse saline ecologies of India have led to identify osmotolerant beneficial microbes, which can be exploited to maintain environmental health, sustain agricultural, and commercial production of novel biological products, food and other industries, which operate in hypersaline condition. The osmotolerant microbes endure osmotic sock by moderating Na+/K+ flow, accumulating osmolytes or regulating the functions of stress tolerant enzymes (osmozymes). Unlike stress-free mesophilic counterparts, the osmotolerant microbes are more versatile as they can function in both stress and stress-free conditions. Therefore, the microbial resources of the saline ecologies of the country have the potency for welfare of the biological and environmental health, and productivity.

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  1. Microbiology Laboratory, Crop Production Division, Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Orissa, India

    Jayashree Rath & T. K. Dangar

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  1. Jayashree Rath
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  2. T. K. Dangar
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Correspondence to T. K. Dangar .

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  1. Dept. of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar (Uttarakhand), India

    Dinesh K. Maheshwari

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Rath, J., Dangar, T. (2014). Osmotolerant Microbial Resources of Saline Ecologies of India: Dynamics and Potential. In: Maheshwari, D. (eds) Bacterial Diversity in Sustainable Agriculture. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, vol 1. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05936-5_11

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