Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Theories of Mass Communication and Media Effects Across Cultures

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Human and Mediated Communication around the World

  • 1889 Accesses

Abstract

Theories of mass communication effects are roughly distinguished between direct effects as in stimulus–response theories and limited effects that take more communication variables into account, for example, the two-step flow of communication. Examples of theories of indirect media influences are the uses and gratifications approach, agenda-setting theory, and the spiral of silence. Such theories are not universally applicable. At the basis of balance and congruity theory is the assumption of cognitive consistency, a typical characteristic of individualistic cultures. Also cultivation theory cannot be applied universally as it is based on social learning. True cultural imperialism effects are hard to find around the world. In diffusion theory, both interpersonal and mediated communications are strong elements. Also in news diffusion and viral diffusion all types of communication play a role. Around the world research approaches vary between the critical and the empirical perspective.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literature

  • Abah, A. L. (2009). Popular culture and social change in Africa: The case of the Nigerian video industry. Media, Culture & Society, 31(5), 731–748.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Agrawal, B. C. (2010). The many shades of communication research in South Asia. Media Asia, 37(1), 7–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anokwa, K., & Salwen, M. B. (1988). Newspaper agenda-setting elites and non-elites in Ghana. International Communication Gazette, 41, 201–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Averbeck, S. (2008). Comparative history of communication studies: France and Germany. The Open Communication Journal, 2, 1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beadle, M. (2003). The influence of television and media use on Argentines about perceptions of the United States. In M. Elasmar (Ed.), The impact of international television. A paradigm shift. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beltrán, S. L. R. (1976). Alien premises, objects, and methods in Latin American communication research. Communication Research, 3, 107–134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beltrán S. L. R. (1985). Premisas, objetos y mĂ©todos foráneos en la investigaciĂłn sobre comunicaciĂłn en AmĂ©rica Latina. In M. Moragas Spá (Ed.), SociologĂ­a de la comunicaciĂłn de masas (tomo II). Barcelona: Gustavo Gilli.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biltereyst, D. (1991). American hegemony: A comparative analysis of the reception of domestic and US fiction. European Journal of Communication, 6, 469–497.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biltereyst, D., & Meers, P. (2000). The international telenovela debate and the contra-flow argument: A reappraisal. Media, Culture & Society, 22, 393–413.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blumler, J. (1985). European-American differences in communication research. In E. M. Rogers & F. Balle (Eds.), The media revolution in America and Western Europe (pp. 185–199). Norwood: Ablex Publishing Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bombardier, D. (1985). Television as instrument of cultural identity: The case of Quebec. In E. M. Rogers & F. Balle (Eds.), The media revolution in America and Western Europe (pp. 177–182). Norwood: Ablex Publishing Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bushman, B. J., & Geen, R. G. (1990). Role of cognitive-emotional mediators and individual differences in the effects of media violence on aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(1), 156–163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CastellĂł, E. (2007). The production of television fiction and nation building: The Catalan case. European Journal of Communication, 22(1), 49–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chadha, K., & Kavoori, A. (2000). Media imperialism revisited: Some findings from the Asian case. Media, Culture & Society, 22(4), 415–432.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaffee, S. H. (1992). Search for change. Survey studies of international media effects. In F. Korzenny & S. Ting-Toomey (Eds.), Mass media effects across cultures (pp. 35–54). Newbury Park: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaffee, S. H., & Hochheimer, J. L. (1985). The beginnings of political communication research in the United States: Origins of the “limited effects” model. In E. M. Rogers & F. Balle (Eds.), The media revolution in America and Western Europe (pp. 267–296). Norwood: Ablex Publishing Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, K. (2010). Youth and consumption. Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, K., Tufte, B., Cappello, G., & Williams, R. B. (2011). Tween girls’ perception of gender roles and gender identities: A qualitative study. Young Consumers, 12(1), 66–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, J. H. (2004, May 27–31). Paper prepared for the 53 rd Annual Conference of the International Communication Association, New Orleans. http://citation.allacademic.com//meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/1/1/3/4/0/pages113403/p113403-1.php. Accessed 6 Dec 2011.

  • Chang, T.-K. (2010). Changing global media landscape, unchanging theories? International Communication Research and Paradigm testing. In G. J. Golan, T. J. Johnson, & W. Wanta (Eds.), International media communication in a global age (pp. 8–35). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Fleur, M. L., & Ball-Rokeach, S. (1975). Theories of mass communication (3rd ed.). New York: David McKay.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Mooij, M. (2011). Consumer behavior and culture. Consequences for global marketing and advertising (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doob, L. W. (1961). Communication in Africa. A search for boundaries. New Haven/London: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Du, Y. R. (2013). Intermedia agenda-setting in the age of globalization: A multinational agenda-setting test. Global Media and Communication, 9(1), 19–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elasmar, M. G. (2003). An alternative paradigm for conceptualizing and labeling the process of influence of imported television programs. In M. Elasmar (Ed.), The impact of international television. A paradigm shift. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elasmar, M. G., & Bennett, K. (2003). The cultural imperialism paradigm revisited: Origin and evolution. In M. Elasmar (Ed.), The impact of international television. A paradigm shift. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elasmar, M. G., & Hunter, J. E. (2003). A meta-analysis of cross-border effect studies. In M. Elasmar (Ed.), The impact of international television. A paradigm shift. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Emenyeonu, B. N. (1995). Media uses and gratifications: A review. Africa Media Review, 9(3), 90–113.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fejes, F. (1981). Media imperialism: An assessment. Media, Culture & Society, 3, 281–289.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., & Signorelli, N. (1994). Growing up with television: The cultivation perspective. In J. Bryant & D. Zillman (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giddens, A. (2000). Runaway world. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gunaratne, S. A. (2010). De-westernizing communication/social science research: Opportunities and limitations. Media, Culture & Society, 32(3), 473–500.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, L. K., Arvidsson, A., Nielsen, F. Çş., Colleoni, E., & Etter, M. (2011). Good friends, bad news affect and virality via Twitter. arXiv:1101.0510v1 [cs.SI]. http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/arxiv/pdf/1101/1101.0510v1.pdf. Accessed 29 Dec 2011.

  • Hayes, A. F., Matthes, J., Hively, M. H., & Eveland Jr., W. P. (2008, August) In search of the opinion climate: A new (and novel) test of spiral of silence theory. Manuscript submitted to the Communication Theory and Methodology division for presentation at the annual meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication in Chicago. http://www.comm.ohio-state.edu/ahayes/cops/aejmc%20papers/hayes_matthes_hively_eveland.pdf. Accessed 6 Dec 2011.

  • Huang, H. (2005). A cross-cultural test of the spiral of silence. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 17(3), 1–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Im, Y.-H., Kim, E.-m., Kim, K., & Kim, Y. (2010). The emerging mediascape, same old theories? A case study of online news diffusion in Korea. New Media & Society, 13(4), 605–625.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Imada, T. (2012). Cultural narratives of individualism and collectivism: A content analysis of textbook stories in the United States and Japan. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 43(4), 576–591.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inoue, Y., & Kawakami, Y. (2004). Factors influencing tabloid news diffusion: Comparison with hard news. Keio Communication Review, 26, 37–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ito, Y. (1993). The future of political communication research: A Japanese perspective. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 69–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, S. (2007). Big brother, Africa is watching. Media, Culture & Society, 29(6), 851–868.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, K. B., & Rosengren, K. E. (1990). Five traditions in search of the audience. European Journal of Communication, 5, 207–238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jin, D. Y. (2007). Reinterpretation of cultural imperialism: Emerging domestic market vs continuing US dominance. Media, Culture & Society, 29(4), 753–771.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joshi, S. P. (2012, June 7). Adolescent sexual socialization & teen magazines. A cross-national study between the United States and the Netherlands. Doctoral dissertation, University of Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katz, C., & Baldassare, M. (1994). Popularity in a freefall: Measuring a spiral of silence at the end of the Bush presidency. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 6(1), 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kepplinger, H. M., Levendel, A., Livolsi, M., & Wober, M. (1987). More than learning: The diffusion of news on the assassination of Olof Palme in England, Germany, Italy and Hungary. European Journal of Communication, 2, 185–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, D. K., Chitnis, K., Vasanti, P. N., & Singhal, A. (2007). Opinion leadership in Indian villages and diffusion of E-Choupal. Journal of Creative Communications, 2(3), 345–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kincaid, D. L. (1987). Communication east and west: Points of departure. In D. L. Kincaid (Ed.), Communication theory. Eastern and western perspectives (pp. 331–340). San Diego: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kitzinger, J. (2004). Audience and readership research. In J. D. H. Downing, D. McQuail, P. Schlesinger, & E. Wartella (Eds.), The Sage handbook of media studies (pp. 167–182). London: Sage.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kwansah-Aidoo, K. (2001). Telling stories: The epistemological value of anecdotes in Ghanaian communication research. Media, Culture & Society, 23(3), 359–380.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ledoux, C. (2009). Diffusion. Encyclopedia of Journalism. http://www.omnilogos.com/2011/05/10/diffusion. Accessed 29 Dec 2011.

  • Liebes, T., & Katz, E. (1993). The export of meaning. Cross-cultural readings of Dallas. Cambridge: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Löblich, M. (2007). German Publizistikwissenschaft and its shift from a humanistic to an empirical social science discipline: Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann, Emil Dovifat and the Publizistik Debate. European Journal of Communication, 22(1), 69–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Löblich, M., & Scheu, A. M. (2011). Writing the history of communication studies: A sociology of science approach. Communication Theory, 21, 1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LĂłpez-Escobar, E. (2007). Una contribuciĂłn a la investigaciĂłn sobre los efectos de agenda setting de los medios de comunicaciĂłn. SPHERA PUBLICA, Revista de Ciencias y de la ComunicaciĂłn. NĂşmero Especial. Murcia, pp. 195–213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lozano, J. C., & Frankenberg, L. (2009). Theoretical approaches and methodological strategies in Latin American empirical research on television audiences: 1992–2007. Global Media and Communication, 5(2), 149–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • M’Bayo, R., & Nwanko, R. N. (1989). The political culture of mass communication research and the role of African communication scholars. Africa Media Review, 3(2), 2–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mancini, P., & Wolf, M. (1990). Mass-media research in Italy: Culture and politics. European Journal of Communication, 5, 187–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mansell, R. (2007). The problem of internationalizing media and communication research. Global Media and Communication, 3(3), 283–288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marques de Melo, J. (1988). Communication theory and research in Latin America: A preliminary balance of the past twenty-five years. Media, Culture & Society, 10, 405–418.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MartĂ­n-Barbero, J. (2006). A Latin American perspective on communication/cultural mediation. Global Media and Communication, 2(3), 279–297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mattelart, A. (1978). The nature of communication practice in a dependent society. Latin American Perspectives, 5(1), 13–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matthes, J., Morrison, K. R., & Schemer, C. (2010). A spiral of silence for some: Attitude certainty and the expression of political minority opinions. Communication Research, 37(6), 774–800.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McAnany, E. G., & La Pastina, A. C. (1994). Telenovela audiences. A review and methodological critique of Latin America research. Communication Research, 21(6), 828–849.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCombs, M., & Valenzuela, S. (2007). The agenda-setting theory. Cuadernos de InformaciĂłn, 20, 44–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCombs, M., Lopez-Escobar, E., & Llamas, J. P. (2000). Setting the agenda of attributes in the 1996 Spanish general election. Journal of Communication, 50(2), 77–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extensions of man. New York: McGraw Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melkote, S. (2006). Everett M. Rogers and his contributions to the field of communication and social change in developing countries. Journal of Creative Communications, 1(1), 111–121.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miike, Y. (2006). Non-Western theory in western research? An Asiacentric Agenda for Asian communication studies. Review of Communication, 6(1–2), 4–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miike, Y. (2007). Asian contributions to communication theory: An introduction. China Media Research, 3(4), 1–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miike, Y. (2009). “Harmony without uniformity”: An Asiacentric worldview and its communicative implications. In L. A. Samovar, R. E. Porter, & E. R. McDaniel (Eds.), Intercultural communication: A reader (12th ed., pp. 36–48). Belmont: Wadsworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monfils, B. S. (1985). Mass media in West Africa: A bibliographic essay. In F. O. Ugboajah (Ed.), Mass communication, culture and society in West Africa (pp. 285–308). MĂĽnchen: Hans Zell Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, M., & Shanahan, J. (1992). Comparative cultivation analysis. Television and adolescents in Argentina and Taiwan. In F. Korzenny & S. Ting-Toomey (Eds.), Mass media effects across cultures (pp. 173–197). Newbury Park: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann, W. R., & Guggenheim, L. (2011). The evolution of media effects theory: Fifty years of cumulative research. Communication Theory, 21(2), 169–196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Noelle-Neumann, E. (1984). The spiral of silence. Public opinion – Our social skin. Chicago/London: The University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okigbo, C. (1987). American communication theories and african communication research: Need for a philosophy of African communication. Africa Media Review, 1(2), 18–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Payne, D. E. (2003). Impacts of cross-cultural mass media in Iceland, Northern Minnesota, and Francophone Canada in retrospect. In M. Elasmar (Ed.), The impact of international television. A paradigm shift. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Polonska-Kimunguyi, E., & Kumunguyi, P. (2011). The making of the Europeans: Media in construction of pan-national identity. International Communication Gazette, 73(6), 507–523.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porto, M. (2011). Telenovelas and representations of national identity in Brazil. Media, Culture & Society, 33(1), 53–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reith, M. (1987). Is there a relationship between the popularity of crime series on TV and unemployment and crime in society? European Journal of Communication, 2, 337–355.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roach, C. (1997). Cultural imperialism and resistance in media theory and literary theory. Media, Culture & Society, 19, 47–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of innovations (4th ed.). New York: The Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, E. M. (2000). Reflections on news event diffusion research. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(3), 561–576.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, E. M., Singhal, A., & Thombre, A. (2004). Indian audience interpretations of health-related content in the bold and the beautiful. Gazette: The International Journal for Communication Studies, 66(5), 437–458.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosengren, K. E. (1985). Communication research: One paradigm or four? In E. M. Rogers & F. Balle (Eds.), The media revolution in America and Western Europe (pp. 236–266). Norwood: Ablex Publishing Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosengren, K. E. (1987). Conclusion: The comparative study of news diffusion. European Journal of Communication, 2, 227–255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruggiero, T. (2000). Uses and gratifications theory in the 21st century. Mass Communication and Society, 3(1), 3–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schement, J. R., & Rogers, E. M. (1984). Media flows in Latin America. Communication Research, 11(2), 305–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheufele, D. A., & Moy, P. (2000). Twenty-five years of the spiral of silence: A conceptual review and empirical outlook. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 12(1), 3–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schoenbach, K. (2001). Myths of media and audiences: Inaugural lecture as Professor of General Communication Science, University of Amsterdam. European Journal of Communication, 16(3), 361–376.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schramm, W. (Ed.). (1949). Mass communications. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shifman, L., & Thelwall, M. (2009). Assessing global diffusion with Web memetics: The spread and evolution of a popular joke. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 60(12), 2567–2575.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sinha, A. (1989). A holistic approach to communication research: an alternative methodology. Media, Culture & Society, 11, 435–442.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steenkamp, J. B. (2002, November 17). Global consumers. Presentation at Tilburg University. Based on Consumer and market drivers of the trial probability of new consumer packaged goods (Working paper). Tilburg University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Straubhaar, J. (2003). Choosing national TV: Cultural capital, language, and cultural proximity in Brazil. In M. Elasmar (Ed.), The impact of international television. A paradigm shift. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun, E., Rosenn, I., Marlow, C. A., & Lento, T. M. (2009). Gesundheit! Modelling Contagion through Facebook News Feed. Association of the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. www.aaai.org, http://www.stanford.edu/~esun/ICWSM09_ESun.pdf. Accessed 29 Dec 2011.

  • Tan, A. S., Tan, G., & Gibson, T. (2003). Socialization effects of American television on international audiences. In M. Elasmar (Ed.), The impact of international television. A paradigm shift. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanjong, E., & Gaddy, G. D. (1994). The agenda-setting function of the international mass media: The case of Newsweek in Nigeria. Africa Media Review, 8(2), 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomaselli, K. G. (2009). Repositioning African media studies: Thoughts and provocations. Journal of African Media Studies, 1(1), 9–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Uche, L. U. (1985). Diffusion of major crisis information among urban and rural opinion leaders in Nigeria. In F. O. Ugboajah (Ed.), Mass communication, culture and society in West Africa (pp. 250–259). MĂĽnchen: Hans Zell Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uche, L. U. (1994). Some reflections on the dependency theory. Africa Media Review, 8(2), 39–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ugboajah, F. O. (1985). Research models and the problem of communication research in West Africa: Introduction to PART IV. In F. O. Ugboajah (Ed.), Mass communication, culture and society in West Africa (pp. 279–284). MĂĽnchen: Hans Zell Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ugboajah, F. O. (1987). Current debates in the field of mass communication research: An African viewpoint. Africa Media Review, 1(2), 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valenzuela, S., & Arriagada, A. (2011). Politics without citizens? Public opinion, television news, the president, and real-world factors in Chile, 2000–2005. International Journal of Press/Politics, 16(3), 357–381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valenzuela, S., & Correa, T. (2006, August). Madam or Mr. President? Press coverage and public perceptions when a woman leads in a presidential election: The case of Chile. Presented at the Commission on the Status of Women of the Association of Education of Journalism and Mass Communication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vasudeva, S., & Chakravarty, P. (1989). The epistemology of Indian mass communication research. Media, Culture & Society, 11, 415–433.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walgrave, S., & Van Aelst, P. (2006). The contingency of the mass media’s political agenda setting power: Toward a preliminary theory. Journal of Communication, 56, 88–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ware, W., & Dupagne, M. (1994). Effects of U.S. television programs on foreign audiences: A meta-analysis. Journalism Quarterly, 71(4), 947–959.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weaver, D. H. (2007). Thoughts on agenda setting, framing and priming. Journal of Communication, 57, 142–147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yin, J. (2009). Negotiating the centre: Towards an Asiacentric feminist communication theory. Journal of Multicultural Discourses, 4(1), 75–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zaharopoulos, T. (2003). Perceived foreign influence and television viewing in Greece. In M. Elasmar (Ed.), The impact of international television. A paradigm shift. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, H. (2011). The globalization of Chinese television: The role of the party-state. The International Communication Gazette, 73(7), 573–594.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Burgh-Haamstede, The Netherlands

    Marieke de Mooij

Authors
  1. Marieke de Mooij
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

de Mooij, M. (2014). Theories of Mass Communication and Media Effects Across Cultures. In: Human and Mediated Communication around the World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01249-0_11

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation