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Gas Separation Membrane Materials and Structures

  • Chapter
Gas Separation Membranes

Abstract

A membrane is a layer of material which serves as a selective barrier between two phases and is impermeable to specific particles, molecules, or substances when exposed to the action of a driving force. Some components are allowed passage by the membrane into a permeate stream, whereas others are retained by it and accumulate in the retentate stream. Membranes can be of various thicknesses, with homogeneous or heterogeneous structures. Membrane can also be classified according to their pore diameter. There are three different types of pore sizes based on the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) classification: microporous (d p  < 2 nm), mesoporous (2 nm < d p  < 50 nm), and macroporous (d p  > 50 nm) [1, 2]. Membranes can be neutral or charged, and the transport through a membrane can be active or passive. The latter can be facilitated by pressure, concentration, chemical or electrical gradients. Membranes can be generally classified into synthetic membranes and biological membranes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Membrane Technology Research Center (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Ahmad Fauzi Ismail

  2. Industrial Membrane Research Laboratory Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Kailash Chandra Khulbe

  3. Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Takeshi Matsuura

Authors
  1. Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
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  2. Kailash Chandra Khulbe
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  3. Takeshi Matsuura
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Ismail, A.F., Khulbe, K.C., Matsuura, T. (2015). Gas Separation Membrane Materials and Structures. In: Gas Separation Membranes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01095-3_3

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