Abstract
The strong contact hyperfine interaction between a single electron and the nuclear spins in a quantum dot [1–5] represents a severe limitation on its use as a qubit, as we discussed in Sect. 3.3.1. In particular, it results in non-linear, non-Markovian dynamics of the electron-nuclear system [6–9], making the use of the Larmor-precession as a single qubit gate cumbersome. While dynamical decoupling, in essence an extension of the simple spin echo presented in Sect. 3.3.2 to multiple refocusing pulses, could be used to decouple the effects of the nuclear spin bath [10–14], avoiding the contact hyperfine interaction altogether would be a much simpler solution. For some materials, this could be achieved by careful isotopic engineering: examples for group-IV and II–VI materials can be found in Refs. [15–19]. However, In, Ga and As do not possess any spin-0 isotopes, making this approach impossible for the self-assembled quantum dots used in this work.
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Notes
- 1.
This is true to first order: this term can give rise to spin flips in the x-direction (we can rewrite it in terms of lowering and raising operators along x), though these will be energetically forbidden and therefore only contribute to higher order. We refer to any of the theoretical descriptions of the full central-spin problem for details, e.g. Refs. [1, 4, 26].
- 2.
As opposed to the δ-doping devices, where it would in principle be possible for a single, spurious electron to be present inside the quantum dot, which cannot be distinguished from a single hole as the optical signatures are the same.
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De Greve, K. (2013). Ultrafast Optical Control of Hole Spin Qubits: Suppressed Nuclear Feedback Effects. In: Towards Solid-State Quantum Repeaters. Springer Theses. Springer, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00074-9_6
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