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Phenotype, Compartmental Organization and Differential Vulnerability of Nigral Dopaminergic Neurons

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Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Substantia Nigra

Part of the book series: Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa ((NEURALTRANS,volume 73))

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Abstract

The degeneration of nigral dopaminergic (DA-) neurons is the histopathologic hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but not all nigral DA-cells show the same susceptibility to degeneration. This starts in DA-cells in the ventrolateral and caudal regions of the susbtantia nigra (SN) and progresses to DA-cells in the dorsomedial and rostral regions of the SN and the ventral tegmental area, where many neurons remain intact until the final stages of the disease. This fact indicates a relationship between the topographic distribution of midbrain DA-cells and their differential vulnerability, and the possibility that this differential vulnerability is associated with phenotypic differences between different subpopulations of nigral DA-cells. Studies carried out during the last two decades have contributed to establishing the existence of different compartments of nigral DA-cells according to their neurochemical profile, and a possible relationship between the expression of some factors and the relative vulnerability or resistance of DA-cell subpopulations to degeneration. These aspects are reviewed and discussed here.

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Abbreviations

DA:

Dopamine

DA-:

Dopaminergic

PD:

Parkinson’s disease

SN:

Substantia nigra

SNC:

Substantia nigra pars compacta

SNcv:

Caudo-latero-ventral region of the substantia nigra

SNL:

Substantia nigra pars lateralis

SNR:

Substantia nigra pars reticulatata

SNrm:

Rostro-medio-dorsal region of the substantia nigra

TH:

Tyrosine hydroxylase

VTA:

Ventral tegmental area

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Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia de España (grant n° BFU2007/66561).

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  1. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

    Tomás González-Hernández, Domingo Afonso-Oramas & Ignacio Cruz-Muros

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  1. Tomás González-Hernández
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  2. Domingo Afonso-Oramas
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  3. Ignacio Cruz-Muros
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Correspondence to Tomás González-Hernández .

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  1. Fac. Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, Palermo, 90134, Italy

    Giuseppe Giovanni

  2. Mario Negri, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche, Via Nazionale 8, Santa Maria Imbaro, 66030, Italy

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  3. Mario Negri, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche, Via Nazionale 8, Santa Maria Imbaro, 66030, Italy

    Ennio Esposito

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González-Hernández, T., Afonso-Oramas, D., Cruz-Muros, I. (2009). Phenotype, Compartmental Organization and Differential Vulnerability of Nigral Dopaminergic Neurons. In: Giovanni, G., Di Matteo, V., Esposito, E. (eds) Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Substantia Nigra. Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa, vol 73. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-92660-4_2

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