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Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist

  • Chapter
Novel Cytokine Inhibitors

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR))

Abstract

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by a wide variety of cell types with an equally pleiotropic range of activities including the induction of fever, hypotension, adhesion molecule expression, neutrophilia, cartilage destruc­tion, prostanoid production, and induction of the expression of a number of other cytokines. Two forms of IL-1 (IL-1α and IL-1β) have been cloned and, although sharing only approximately 25% amino acid homology, these two molecules have essentially identical biological activities. The biological role for IL-1 in normal phys­iology and in the development of disease has been extensively reviewed elsewhere [1]. Support for a role of IL-1 as an important mediator of pathological events observed in a number of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases has been demon­strated in a large number of animal models. A common characteristic of many of these acute and chronic inflammatory diseases is that the production even of small amounts of IL-1 can have severe consequences in terms of tissue destruction and sys­temic homeostasis. The discovery of a naturally occurring IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) has suggested a means through which the pathological effects of IL-1 can be modulated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA

    Michael F. Smith Jr.

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  1. Celltech Chiroscience, 216 Bath Road, Slough Berkshire, SL1 4EN, UK

    Gerry A. Higgs

  2. Cellular Microbiology Research Group Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Gray’s Inn Road, London, WC1X 8LD, UK

    Brian Henderson

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Smith, M.F. (2000). Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. In: Higgs, G.A., Henderson, B. (eds) Novel Cytokine Inhibitors. Progress in Inflammation Research. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8450-1_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8450-1_9

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