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Fluoroquinolones for the treatment of respiratory tract infections other than pneumonia

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Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics

Part of the book series: Milestones in Drug Therapy ((MDT))

Abstract

A variety of bacterial species are associated with acute respiratory tract infections, including Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and atypical pathogens. The most common pathogens include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Legionella species, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Because of cost considerations and specimen collection difficulties, primary care physicians seldom attempt to identify the causative pathogen. As a result treatment is necessarily empiric with agents including: the 13-lactams, macrolides, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). However, antimicrobial resistance among the most common respiratory tract pathogens to these agents is increasing [1-5]. Specifically, the growing problem of multidrug resistant pneumococci has been the catalyst for the development of fluoroquinolones such as levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, which are effective against this resistant organism. However, there are reports of fluoroquinolone resistance emerging among pneumococci from a number of countries including: Canada, Spain, Hong Kong, Eastern and Central Europe, and Northern Ireland Figure 1. In Canada, Chen et al. [6] found that the prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant pneumococci (MIC >_ 4.ug/ml) increased from 0% in 1993 to 1.7% in 1997-1998 (p = 0.01). In adults, the prevalence increased from 0% in 1993 to 3.7% in 1998.

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  1. Department of Microbiology, Toronto Medical Laboratories/Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto and Canadian Bacterial Diseases Network, 600 University Ave., Rm. 1487, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada

    Donald E. Low

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  1. Donald E. Low
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  1. Faculty of Medicine, The University of Manitoba, 409 Tacho Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R2H 2A6, Canada

    Allan R. Ronald

  2. Microbiology Laboratory, Mt. Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada

    Donald E. Low

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© 2003 Springer Basel AG

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Low, D.E. (2003). Fluoroquinolones for the treatment of respiratory tract infections other than pneumonia. In: Ronald, A.R., Low, D.E. (eds) Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics. Milestones in Drug Therapy. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8103-6_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8103-6_11

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  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-9437-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-8103-6

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