Abstract
Cytotoxic agents used in the medical treatment of neoplasia have profound effects on host immunity. Traditionally the interaction of cancer chemotherapy agents with immunity has been considered in connection with immunodepression. Immunodepression is in fact a prime determinant in the pathogenesis of some of the acute and longterm toxicities associated with cancer chemotherapy, including infections and second malignancies. Interference with immunity has also been considered an intrinsic limiting factor in the efficacy of anticancer agents. In this perspective, chemotherapeutic agents are, in a way, self-defeating. More recently, evidence has accumulated that the interaction of cancer chemotherapeutic agents with immunity is more complex than originally envisaged and that these drugs should be considered from the wider perspective of immunomodulation rather than from the narrower angle of simple immunodepression. In this light, it appears that the relationship between antitumor efficacy and modulation of host resistance is more complicated than expected on the somewhat simplistic assumption that chemotherapeutic agents act as pure depressants of immunity and that no substantial differences exist among antitumor drugs in their interaction with host defence mechanisms.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. B. Hibbs: The Macrophage in Neoplasia. Academic Press, New York. p. 83, 1976.
A. Montovani: Human Monocytes. Academic Press, London, p. 303, 1989.
A. Mantovani, B. Bottazzi, P. Allavena and C. Balotto: Immune Responses to Metastases, vol. 1. CRC Press, Boca Raton, p. 106, 1987.
P. Sirois and M. Rola-Pleszczynski eds: Immunopharmacology. Elsevier Biomedical Press, Amsterdam 1982.
E. Mihich and Y. Sakurai eds: Biological Responses in Cancer, vol. 3. Immunomodulation responses in cancer. Plenum Press, New York 1985.
A. Mantovani and A. Tagliabue: The Reticuloendothelial System: A Comprehensive Treatise, vol. 5. Plenum Press, New York, p. 253, 1983.
A. Mantovani: Biological Responses in Cancer, vol. 3. Immunomodula-tion by anticancer drugs. Plenum Press, New York, p. 155, 1985.
F. Spreafico, A. Vecchi, F. Colotta and A. Mantovani: Springer Seminars Immunopathology 8,361 (1985).
H. N. Claman: New Engl. J. Med. 287,388 (1972).
C.G. Craddock: Ann. intern. Med. 88, 564 (1978).
A. S. Fauci and D.C. Dale: J. clin. Invest. 53, 240 (1974).
F.O. Ranelletti, G. Starace, M. Piantelli, G Lambertenghi-Deliliers and R. P. Revoltella: J. cell. Physiol. 116, 329 (1983).
Z. Werb, R. Foley and A. Munck: J. exp. Med. 147, 1684 (1976).
J. Thompson and R. Van Furth: J. exp. Med. 131, 429 (1970).
J. Thompson and R. Van Furth: J. exp. Med. 137, 10 (1973).
Y. Ishii, M. Shinoda and M. Shikita: Exp. Haemat. 11, 178 (1983).
R. I. Mishell, D. A. Lee, K. H. Grabstein and L. B. Lachman: J. Immun. 128, 1614 (1982).
J. J. Rinehart, D. Wuest and G. A. Ackerman: J. Immun. 129, 1436 (1982).
S. W. Crawford, A. H. Kang and C. L. Mainardi: Am Rev. resp. Dis. 127, 46 (1983).
W. S. Casey and C. E. McCall: Immunology 21, 225 (1971).
J.E. Balow and A. S. Rosenthal: J. exp. Med. 137, 1031 (1973).
J. J. Rinehart, S. P. Balcerzak, A. L. Sagone and A. F. Lo Buglio: J. clin. Invest. 54, 1337 (1974).
R. Acero, N. Polentarutti, B. Botazzi, S. Alberti, M.R. Ricci, A. Bizzi and A. Mantovani: Int. J. Cancer 33, 95 (1984).
M.A. Bray and D. Gordon: Br. J. Pharmac. 57, 461 (1976).
J. Vassalli, J. Hamilton and E. Reich: Cell 8, 271 (1976).
J. B. Hibbs Jr.: Science 184, 468 (1974).
R. Keller: Immunology 27, 285 (1974).
M. M. Hogan and S. N. Vogel: J. Immun. 140, 513 (1988).
M.T. Scott: J. natn. Cancer Inst. 54, 789 (1975).
D. S. Snyder and E. R. Unanue: J. Immun. 129, 1803 (1982).
K. A. Smith: Immun. Rev. 51, 337 (1980).
S. Stosic-Crujicic and M. M. Simié: Cell. Immun. 69, 235 (1982).
K. Bendtzen and J. Petersen: Immun. Letter 5, 79 (1982).
K. Bendtzen, J. Petersen and B. Soeberg: Acta path. microbiol. immun. scand. section C 91, 159 (1983).
R. Lomnitzer, R. Phillips and A. R. Rabson: Clin. Immun. Immunopathol. 27, 378 (1983).
R. I. Mishell, A. Lucas and B. B. Mishell: J. Immun. 119, 118 (1977).
R.I. Mishell, L.M. Bradley, Y. U. Chen, K.H. Grabstein and S.M. Shiigi: Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 332, 433 (1979).
R. I. Mishell, J. M. Shiigi, B. B. Mishell, K. H. Grabstein and S. M. Shiigi: Immunopharmacology 2, 233 (1980).
L.M. Bradley and R.I. Mishell: Eur. J. Immun. 12,91 (1982).
F. O. Raneletti, P. Musiani, N. Maggiano, I. Lauriola and M. Piantelli: Cell Immun. 76, 22 (1983).
W. Lew, J.J. Oppenheim and K. Matsushima: J. Immun. 140, 1895 (1988).
A. C. Allison and S.W. Lee: Agents Actions (Suppl.) 24, 207 (1988).
A. Mantovani and E. Dejana: Immun. Today 10,370 (1989).
W. K. Seelentag, J. J. Mermod, R. Montesano and P. Vassalli: EMBO J. 6, 2261 (1987).
S. H. Zuckerman, J. Shellhaas and L. D. Butler: Eur. J. Immun. 19, 301 (1989).
R. Bertini, M. Bianchi and P. Ghezzi: J. exp. Med. 167, 1708 (1988).
B. Beutler, N. Krochin, I. W. Milsark, C. Luedke and A. Cerami: Science 232,977 (1986).
H. Rosen, S. Gordon and R. J. North: J. exp. Med. 170, 27 (1989).
M. Agosin, R. Christen, O. Badinez, G. Gasic, A. Neghme, O. Pizzarro and A. Jarpa: Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 80, 128 (1952).
G. Gasic and T. Gasic: Br. J. Cancer 11, 88 (1957).
T.C. Pomeroy: Cancer Res. 14, 201 (1954).
G.E. Moore and T. Kondo: Durgery 44, 199 (1958).
T. Kondo and K. Tsuki: Gann 47, 339 (1956).
L. Nemeth, K. Lapis and E. Bihari: Acta Un. int. Cancer 16, 709 (1960).
T. A. M. Stoker: Br. J. Surg. 55, 870 (1968).
I. Zeidman: Cancer Res. 22, 501 (1962).
B. Kallum and T. Saldeen: Acta path. microbiol. scand. 70, 12 (1967).
E.V. Sugarbaker, A.M. Cohen and A.S. Ketcham: J. surg. Oncol. 2, 277 (1970).
I.J. Fidler and S. Lieber: Res. Commun. chem. path. Pharmac. 4, 607 (1972).
H. S. Bhakoo, N. S. Paolini, R. J. Milholland, R. E. Lopez and F. Rosen: Cancer Res. 41, 1695 (1981).
H. G. Iversen and G. H. Hjort: Acta path. microbiol. scand. 44, 205 (1958).
P. Sherlock and W. H. Hartman: J. Am. med. Ass. 181, 313 (1962).
G. Poste and I.J. Fidler: Nature 283, 139 (1980).
R. T. Prehn: J. natn. Cancer Inst. U.S.A. 59, 1043 (1977).
R. Evans: Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1, 227 (1982).
A. Mantovani: Progress in Immunology, vol. 5. Academic Press, New York, p. 1001, 1984.
M. Nelson, D. S. Nelson and K. E. Hopper: Am. J. Path. 104, 114 (1981).
P. J. Polverini, P.S. Cotran, M.A. Gimbrone Jr. and E. R. Unanue: Nature, Lond. 269, 804 (1977).
A. Mantovani: Int. J. Cancer 22, 741 (1978).
J. Folkman, R. Langer, R.J. Linhardt, C. Haudenschild and S. Taylor: Science 221, 719 (1983).
M. Introna and A. Mantovani: Cancer Metastasis Review 2,337 (1983).
G. B. Elion and G. H. Hutchings: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology: vol. 38/2. Antineoplastic and Immunosuppressive Agents, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 404, 1975.
M.C. Berenbaum: Clin. exp. Immun. 8, 1 (1971).
F. Spreafico, M. G. Donelli, A. Bossi, A. Vecchi, S. Standen and S. Garattini: Transplantation 16, 269 (1973).
E. R. Hurd and M. Ziff: J. exp. Med. 128, 785 (1978).
J. S. Latta and R. P. Gentry: Anat. Rec. 132, 1 (1958).
A. R. Page, R. M. Condie and R. A. Good: Am. J. Path. 40, 519 (1962).
Y. Borel and R. Schwartz: J. Immun. 92, 754 (1964).
M. Ziff, E. R. Hurd, E. M. Lemmel and H. E. Jasin: Mononuclear Phagocytes. Blackwell, Oxford, p. 282, 1970.
Zweimann and S. M. Phillips: Science 169, 284 (1970).
H. L. Spielgelberg and P. A. Miescher: J. exp. Med. 118, 869 (1963).
A. E. Gassmann and R. Van Furth: Blood 46, 51 (1975).
R. Van Furth, A. E. Gassmann and M.M.C. Diesselhoff-Den Dulk: J. exp. Med. 141, 531 (1975).
S. M. Phillips and B. Zweiman: J. exp. Med. 137, 1494 (1973).
J. Pekarek, J. Svejcar, K. Nouza and J. Johanovsky: Immunology 31, 773 (1976).
T. E. Brown, A. Ahmed, R. S. Filo, R. C. Knudsen and K. W. Sell: Transplantation 21, 27 (1976).
R. Evans: Br. J. Cancer 35, 557 (1977).
R. Evans: Int. J. Cancer 20, 120 (1977).
R. S. Schwartz and J. Andre: Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 104, 228 (1960).
D. B. Kaufman and R. M. McIntosh: Clin. Res. 19, 221 (1971).
A. Winkelstein, C. G. Craddock and J. S. Lawrence: J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 9, 307 (1971).
O. V. Gadeberg, J. M. Rhodes and S. O. Larsen: Immunology 28, 59 (1975).
E. C. Purves: Clin. exp. Immun. 22, 348 (1975).
A. Mantovani, W. Luini, G. P. Candiani and F. Spreafico: Int. J. Immunopharmac. 2, 333 (1980).
A. Mantovani, T. R. Jerrells, J. H. Dean and R. B. Herberman: Int. J. Cancer 23, 18 (1979).
A. Mantovani, G. Peri, N. Polentarutti, P. Allavena, C. Bordignon, C. Sessa and C. Mangioni: Natural Cell-Mediated Immunity Against Tumors. Academic Press, New York, p. 1271, 1980.
A. Tagliabue, A. Mantovani, M. Kilgallen, R. B. Herberman and J. L. McCoy: J. Immun. 122, 2363 (1979).
L. P. Ruco and M. S. Meltzer: J. Immun. 120, 1054 (1978).
G. Poste and R. Kirsh: Cancer Res. 39, 2582 (1979).
H.J. Hohorst, U. Draeger, G. Peter and G. Voelcker: Cancer Treat. Rep. 60, 409 (1976).
B. E. Domeyer and N. E. Sladek: Cancer Res. 40, 174 (1980).
E. Lemmel, E. R. Hurd and M. Ziff: Clin. exp. Immun. 8,355 (1971).
G. W. Hunninghake and A. S. Fauci: J. Immun. 117, 337 (1976).
R. Evans, L. D. Madison and D. M. Eidlen: Cancer Res. 40, 395 (1980).
W. Zschiesche: J. Reticuloendothelial Soc. 12, 16 (1972).
M. Jason, B.S. Andrews, M. Colvin and G. J. Friou: Cancer Res. 44, 3936 (1984).
W. C. Buhles and M. Shifrine: J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 21, 285 (1977).
M. Giordano, J. R. Geffner, A. Prat, M. S. Palermo, G. P. Serebrinsky and M.A. Isturiz: Int. J. Immunopharmac. 10,939 (1988).
J. E. Balow, D. L. Hurley and A. S. Fauci: J. clin. Invest. 56, 65 (1975).
J. E. Balow, J. E. Parrillo and A. S. Fauci: Immunology 32, 899 (1977).
G. W. Hunninghake and A. S. Fauci: Clin. exp. Immun. 27, 555 (1977).
R. M. Schultz, N. A. Pavlidis, M. A. Chirigos and J. F. Weiss: Cell Immun. 38, 302 (1978).
J. N. Stoychkov, R. M. Schultz, M. A. Chirigos, N. A. Pavlidis and A. Goldin: Cancer Res. 39, 3014 (1979).
A. Winkelstein, H. R. Naukin, J. M. Mitulla: Proceedings of the Seventh Leukocyte Conference. Academic Press, New York, p. 429, 1973.
A. Mantovani, A. Tagliabue, W. Luini, T. Facchinetti and F. Spreafico: The Macrophage and Cancer. University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, p. 203, 1977.
W. H. McBride, D. B. Hoon, T. Jung, J. Naungayan, A. Nizze and D. L. Morton: J. Leukocyte Biol. 42,659 (1987).
F. Fazioli, M. Sironi, A. Vecchi, S. Sozzani and F. Spreafico: Meth. Find. exp. clin. Pharmac. 9, 595 (1987).
A. Ghaffar, W. Lichter, L. L. Welham and M. M. Sigel: J. natn. Cancer Inst. U.S.A. 60, 1483 (1978).
N. Saijo, N. Irimajiri, A. Ozaki, E. Shimizu and H. Niitani: Br. J. Cancer 42, 162 (1980).
W. Pruzanski, S. Saito and G. DeBoer: Cancer Res. 43, 1420 (1983).
C. F. Nathan, B.A. Arrick, H. W. Murray, N.M. DeSantis and W.S. Cohn: J. exp. Med. 153, 766 (1980).
A. Vecchi, M. C. Fioretti, A. Mantovani, A. Barzi and F. Spreafico: Transplantation 22, 619 (1976).
L. H. Einhorn and S. D. Williams: New Engl. J. Med. 300, 289 (1979).
E. S. Kleinerman, L.A. Zwelling, D. Howser, A. Barlock, R. C. Young, J. M. Decker, J. Bull and A. V. Muchmore: Lancet 2, 1102 (1980).
E. S. Kleinerman, L. A. Zwelling and A. V. Muchmore: Cancer Res. 40, 3099 (1980).
E.S. Kleinerman and A.V. Muchmore: Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 22, 277 (1981).
H. Nielsen: Cancer immun. Immunother. 18, 223 (1984).
R. Evans: Int. J. Cancer 21, 611 (1978).
R. Evans: Am. J. Path. 99, 667 (1980).
A. Mantovani: Cancer Res. 37, 815 (1977).
A. Mantovani, A. Tagliabue, A. Vecchi and F. Spreafico: Eur. J. Cancer 12, 381 (1976).
A. Mantovani, A. Vecchi, A. Tagliabue and F. Spreafico: Eur. J. Cancer 12, 371 (1976).
A. Mantovani, P. Candiani, W. Luini, M. Salmona, F. Spreafico and S. Garattini: Current Trends in Tumor Immunology. Garland STPM Press, New York, p. 139, 1979.
A. Mantovani, N. Polentarutti, W. Luini, G. Peri and F. Spreafico: J. natn. Cancer Inst. U.S.A. 63, 61 (1979).
A. Mantovani, A. Vecchi, A. Tagliabue and F. Spreafico: Tumor-Associated Antigens and their Specific Immune Response. Academic Press, New York, p. 271, 1979.
F. R. Orsini, Z. Pavelic and E. Mihich: Cancer Res. 37, 1719 (1977).
T. Facchinetti, A. Raz and R. Goldman: Cancer Res. 38, 3944 (1978).
A. Santoni, C. Riccardi, V. Sorci and R. B. Herberman: J. Immun. 124, 2329 (1980).
J. S. Haskill: Cancer Res. 41, 3582 (1981).
F. Martin, A. Caignard, N.O. Olsson, J. F. J.amin and A. Leclerc: Cancer Res. 42, 3851 (1982).
L. Lenaz and A. Di Marco: Cancer Chemother. Rep. 56, 431 (1972).
R. Giavazzi, C. D. Bucana and I. R. Hart: J. natn. Cancer Inst. U.S.A. 73, 447 (1984).
C. Riccardi, A. Bartocci, P. Puccetti, F. Spreafico, E. Bonmassar and A. Goldin: Eur. J. Cancer 16, 23 (1979).
C. Riccardi, P. Puccetti, A. Santoni, R. B. Herberman and E. Bonmassar: Immunopharmacology 1, 211 (1979).
A. Mantovani, W. Luini, G. Peri, A. Vecchi and F. Spreafico: J. natn. Cancer Inst. U.S.A. 61, 1255 (1978).
K. Mace, E. Mayhew, E. Mihich and M.J. Ehrke: Cancer Res. 48, 130 (1988).
A. Mantovani, N. Polentarutti, P. Gritti, G. Bolis, A. Maggioni and F. Spreafico: Eur. J. Cancer 15, 797 (1979).
M.M. Hudson, J. S. Snyder, N. Jaffe and E. S. Kleinerman: Cancer Res. 48, 5256 (1988).
F. Orsini, C. Eppolito, M.J. Ehrke and E. Mihich: Cancer Treat. Rep. 64, 211 (1980).
F. Orsini and E. S. Henderson: Immunopharmacology 1, 203 (1979).
F. R. Orsini and E.S. Henderson: Immunopharmacology 2, 375 (1980).
M.J. Ehrke, V. Tomazic, C. L. Eppolito and E. Mihich. Fedn. Proc. 37, 1652 (1978).
V. Tomazic, M. J. Ehrke and E. Mihich: Cancer Res. 40, 2748 (1980).
D. W. Yesair, E. Schwartzbach, D. Shuck, E. P. Denine and M.A. Asbell: Cancer Res. 32, 1177 (1972).
H. S. Shwartz: Biomedicine 24, 317 (1976).
R. Goldman, T. Facchinetti, D. Bach, A. Raz and M. Shinitzky: Biochim. biophys. Acta 512, 254 (1978).
G. Noel, A. Trouet, A. Zenebergh and P. Tulkens: Adriamycin Review. European Press, Ghent, p. 99 (1974).
A. Di Marco: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 23, 216 (1978).
R. Keller: Immunology 27, 285 (1974).
R. Keller, R. Keist and R.J. Ivatt: Int. J. Cancer 14, 675 (1974).
S. D. Sharma and W. F. Piessens: Cell Immun. 38, 264 (1978).
D.J. Cameron: Int. J. Immunopharmac. 2, 135 (1980).
D. J. Cameron and W. H. Churchill: Int. J. Immunopharmac. 3, 77 (1981).
H. Shindo, T. Ogura, T. Masuno, S. Hayashi and S. Kishimoto: Cancer Immun. Immunother. 20, 145 (1985).
H. Bodenheimer Jr., C. Charland and J. Leith: J. Leukocyte Biol. 43, 265 (1988).
B. S. Wang, A. L. Lumanglas and F. E. Durr: Cancer Res. 46, 503 (1986).
A. B. Cuellar, D.S. Algara, G. Metzger and S. Orbach-Arbouys: Cancer Res. 47, 3477 (1987).
A. Bravo-Cuellar, G. Balercia, J. P. Levesque, X. H. Liu, F. Osculati and S. Orbach-Arbouys: Cancer Res. 49, 1578 (1989).
S. Inoué and H. Sato: J. cell Physiol. 50, 259 (1967).
A. N. Bhisey and J.J. Freed: Exp. Cell Res. 64, 419 (1971).
F. R. Frankel: Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73, 2798 (1976).
E. Pick and H. Abrahamer: Int. Archs. Allergy appl. Immun. 44, 215 (1973).
E. Pick and A. Grunspan-Swirzky: Cell Immun. 32, 340 (1977).
D. Marsland, L. G. Tilney and M. Hirshfield: J. cell Physiol. 77, 187 (1971).
P. L. McCarthy, J. E. Shaw and H. G. Remold: Cell Immun. 46, 409 (1979).
S. B. Mizel and L. Wilson: Biochemistry 11, 2573 (1972).
W. J. Koopman, M. H. Gillis and J. R. David: J. Immun. 110, 1609 (1973).
D. Gemsa, L. Steggman, G. Till and K. Resh: J. Immun. 119, 524 (1977).
E. Remold-O’Donnell and H. R. Alpert: Cell Immun. 45, 221 (1979).
E. L. Pesanti and S.G. Axline: J. exp. Med. 141, 1030 (1975).
S. Gordon and Z. Werb: Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73, 872 (1976).
G.A. Medgyesi, G. Forts, B. Derso, J. Gergely and H. Bazin: Immunology 40, 317 (1980).
D. A. Williams, L. A. Boxer, J. M. Oliver and R. L. Baehner: Nature, Lond. 267, 255 (1977).
F. Martin, N. O. Olsson and J. F. Jeamin: Cancer Immun. Immunotherapy 10, 113 (1981).
N. K. Wessells, B. S. Spooner, J. F. Ash, M.A. Bradley, M. A. Luduena, E. L. Taylor, T. Wrenij and K. M. Yamada: Science 171, 135 (1971).
D. Gemsa, W. Kramer, I. Napierski, E. Barlin, G. Till and K. Resch: J. Immun. 126, 2143 (1981).
K. M. Miner and G. L. Nicolson: Cancer Res. 43, 2063 (1983).
S. Haskill, H. Koren, S. Becker, W. Fowler and L. Walton: Br. J. Cancer 45, 747 (1982).
A. Mantovani, N. Polentarutti, G. Peri, Z. Bas-Shavit, A. Vecchi, G. Bolis and C. Mangioni: J. natn. Cancer Inst. U.S.A. 64, 1307 (1980).
G. Peri, N. Polentarutti, C. Sessa, C. B. Mangioni and A. Mantovani: Int. J. Cancer 28, 143 (1981).
B. M. Vose: Cancer Immun. Immunother. 5, 173 (1978).
S. L. Schlager and S. H. Ohanian: J. Immun. 124, 626 (1980).
B. K. Sinha and C. F. Chignell: Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 86, 1051 (1979).
T. Utsugi, S. Demuth and N. Hanna: Cancer Res. 49, 1429 (1989).
P. Allavena, M. Grandi, M. D’Incalci, O. Geri, F.C. Giuliani and A. Mantovani: Int. J. Cancer 40, 104 (1987).
C. Gambacorti-Passerini, L. Rivoltini, R. Supino, M. Rodolfo, M. Radrizzani, G. Fossati and G. Parmiani: Cancer Res. 48, 2372 (1988).
P. Allavena, G. Damia, T. Colombo, D. Maggioni, M. D’Incalci and A. Mantovani: Cell. Immun. 120, 250 (1989).
R. S. Schwartz: Cancer Res. 28, 1452 (1968).
E. Mihich: Cancer Res. 29, 848 (1969).
M. Moore and D.E. Williams: Int. J. Cancer 11,358 (1973).
H. S. Schwarts and G. B. Grindey: Cancer Res. 33, 1837 (1973).
G. Steele and G. E. Pierce: Int. J. Cancer 13, 572 (1974).
G. Steele, H. O. Sjogren and J. Ankerst: Int. J. Cancer 74, 743 (1974).
L. A. Radov, J. S. Haskill and J. H. Korn: Int. J. Cancer 17, 773 (1976).
G. H. Heppner and P. Calabresi: J. natn. Cancer Inst. U.S.A. 48, 1161 (1972).
G. H. Heppner and P. Calabresi: A. Rev. Pharmac. Toxic. 16, 367 (1976).
F. Giuliani, A. M. Casazza, A. Di Marco: Biomedicine 21, 435 (1974).
A. Tagliabue, N. Polentarutti, A. Vecchi, A. Mantovani and F. Spreafico: Eur. J. Cancer 13, 657 (1977).
A. Vecchi, A. Mantovani, A. Tagliabue and F. Spreafico: Cancer Res. 36, 1222 (1976).
P. Alexander: Cancer 40 Suppl. 1, 467 (1977).
W. D. Terry and D. Windhorst: Immunotherapy of Cancer: Present Status of Trials in Man, vol. VI. Raven Press, New York, 1978.
B. Fisher, N. Wolmark, H. Rubin and E. Saffer: J. natn. Cancer Inst. U.S.A. 55, 1147 (1975).
B. Fisher, N. Wolmark, E. Saffer and E. Fisher: Cancer 35, 134 (1975).
B. Fisher, H. Rubin, E. Saffer and N. Wolmark: Cancer Res. 36, 2714 (1976).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer Basel AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mantovani, A., Vecchi, A. (1990). Interaction of cancer chemotherapy agents with the mononuclear phagocyte system. In: Jucker, E. (eds) Progress in Drug Research / Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques. Progress in Drug Research, vol 35. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7133-4_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7133-4_9
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel
Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-7135-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-7133-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive