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Capsaicin Receptor as Target of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide in the Gut

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Capsaicin as a Therapeutic Molecule

Part of the book series: Progress in Drug Research ((PDR,volume 68))

Abstract

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a 37 aminoacid-residue peptide, is a marker of afferent fibers in the upper gastrointestinal tract, being almost completely depleted following treatment with the selective neurotoxin capsaicin that targets these fibers via transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV-1). It is widely distributed in the peripheral nervous system of mammals where it is present as α isoform, while intrinsic neurons of the enteric nervous systems express predominantly CGRP-β. Many gastrointestinal functions involve CGRP-containing afferent fibers of the enteric nervous system such as defense against irritants, intestinal nociception, modulation of gastrointestinal motility and secretion, and healing of gastric ulcers. The main effects on stomach homeostasis rely on local vasodilator actions during increased acid-back diffusion. In humans, release of CGRP through the activation of TRPV-1 has been shown to protect from gastric damage induced by several stimuli and to be involved in gastritis. In both dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome the repeated stimulation of TRPV-1 induced an improvement in epigastric pain of these patients. The TRPV-1/CGRP pathway might be a novel target for therapeutics in gastric mucosal injury and visceral sensitivity.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Dr. Stefania Meini for drawing of the figures.

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  1. Department of Preclinical Development , Menarini Ricerche SpA, Via Sette Santi 1, 50131, Florence, Italy

    Stefano Evangelista

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  1. Stefano Evangelista
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Correspondence to Stefano Evangelista .

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  1. Department of Toxicology and Narcotics, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt

    Omar M. E. Abdel-Salam

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Evangelista, S. (2014). Capsaicin Receptor as Target of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide in the Gut. In: Abdel-Salam, O. (eds) Capsaicin as a Therapeutic Molecule. Progress in Drug Research, vol 68. Springer, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0828-6_10

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