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Immune Homeostasis of the Gut

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Infection, Immune Homeostasis and Immune Privilege

Part of the book series: Birkhäuser Advances in Infectious Diseases ((BAID))

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Abstract

Immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract are highly regulated to prevent inappropriate responses to the gut microbiota and food antigens while protecting the host from invasive infections. The following chapter describes the unique physiological adaptations in the intestine that allow for the appropriate induction of immune responses and the effector sites where these responses take place. Homeostasis is described as a process that involves the compartmentalization, monitoring, and selection of the members of the gut microbial ecosystem. The roles of the barrier and the microbiome as active participants in this process are highlighted. The role of important molecules such as retinoic acid, TGF-β, and microbiota-derived signals in directing tolerogenic responses is also discussed. Examples of disease states associated with alterations in the microbiome are used to emphasize the importance of maintaining a well-balanced gut microbial ecosystem. Together these mechanisms maintain the immune balance in the gastrointestinal tract that is essential for health.

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  1. Department of Pathology and Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Joanna Wroblewska & Cathryn Nagler

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    Joan Stein-Streilein

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Wroblewska, J., Nagler, C. (2012). Immune Homeostasis of the Gut. In: Stein-Streilein, J. (eds) Infection, Immune Homeostasis and Immune Privilege. Birkhäuser Advances in Infectious Diseases. Springer, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0445-5_6

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