Abstract
The capacity to establish and maintain dialectical balance between polar lifeworld meanings forms the heart of the dialectical movement toward integration. Mature balance modulates the tension between polar meaning movements. Erik Erikson’s linear, stage-based model of human development is dialectically reformulated whereby balance is sought by modulating the polar meanings of trust-in-relation-to caution, independence-in-relation-to-dependence, initiative-taking-in-relation-to-maintenance-of-steadiness, industriousness-in-relation-to-leisure, identity-integration-in-relation-to-identity-de-integration, intimacy-in-relation-to-separateness, and other-care-in-relation-to-self-care. Mature balance, then, delicately maintains the polar tension between seemingly opposite meaning movements (e.g., moving between what it means for me to trust-and-to-be-cautious) in their optimal di-stance (the stance I take) relative to each polar meaning. It is a meaning movement from (potential) disintegrative conflict to (potential) integrative harmony.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bloland, S. E. (2005). In the shadow of fame: A memoir by the daughter of Erik H. Erikson. Viking.
Browning, D. S. (1975). Generative man: Psychoanalytic perspectives. A Delta Book/Dell Publishing.
Deurzen, E. V., & Kenward, R. (2005). Dictionary of existential psychotherapy and counselling. Sage.
Deurzen-Smith, E. V. (1997). Everyday mysteries: Existential dimensions of psychotherapy. Routledge.
Erikson, E. H. (1963). Childhood and society (2nd ed.). W. W. Norton.
Erikson, E. H. (1964). Insight and responsibility. W. W. Norton.
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. W. W. Norton.
Erikson, E. H. (1980). Identity and the life cycle. W. W. Norton.
Erikson, E. H. (1985). The life cycle completed. W. W. Norton.
Fairbairn, R. W. D. (1952). Psychoanalytic studies of the personality. Routledge.
Fuller, A. R. (1990). Insight into value: An exploration of the premises of a phenomenological psychology. State University of New York Press.
Greenberg, J. R., & Mitchell, S. A. (1983). Object relations in psychoanalytic theory. Harvard University Press.
Hannush, M. J. (1999). An interview with Rollo May. Review of Existential Psychology and Psychiatry, Numbers 1, 2, & 3 (pp. 129–141).
Hannush, M. J. (2002). Becoming good parents: An existential journey. State University of New York Press.
Hannush, M. J. (2010). Playing with polarities of existence: Toward understanding a pivotal passage in the life and work of Rollo May. In T. F. Cloonan & C. Thiboutot (Eds.), The redirection of psychology: Essays in honor of Amedeo Giorgi (pp. 137–162). CIRP.
Hoare, C. H. (2002). Erikson on development and adulthood: New insights from the unpublished papers. Oxford University Press.
Holmes, J. (2010). Exploring in security: Towards an attachment-informed psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Routledge.
Horney, K. (1970). Neurosis and human growth: The struggle toward self-realization. W. W. Norton.
Johnson, S. M. (1994). Character styles. W. W. Norton.
Kohut, H. (1977). The restoration of the self. International Universities Press.
Levine, D. P. (2010). Object relations, work, and the self. Routledge.
Lifton, R. J. (1993). The protean self: Human resilience in an age of fragmentation. The University of Chicago Press.
May, R. (1981). Freedom and destiny. W. W. Norton.
Mitchell, S. A., & Black, M. J. (1995). Freud and beyond: A history of modern psychoanalytic thought. Basic Books.
Newman, B. M., & Newman, P. R. (2018). Development through life: A psychosocial approach (13th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Nicholsen, S. W. (2002). The love of nature and the end of the world: The unspoken dimensions of environmental concern. The MIT Press.
Searles, H. F. (1979). Countertransference and related subjects: Selected Papers. International Universities Press.
Seinfeld, J. (1991). The empty core: An object relations approach to psychotherapy of the schizoid personality. Jason Aronson.
Stern, D. N. (2004). The present moment in psychotherapy and everyday life. W. W. Norton.
Strozier, C. B. (2001). Heinz Kohut: The making of a psychoanalyst. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hannush, M.J. (2021). Balance: The Capacity to Establish and Maintain a Dialectical Balance Between Polar Lifeworld Meanings. In: Markers of Psychosocial Maturation. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74315-4_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74315-4_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-74314-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-74315-4
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)