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What Information on Volatile Organic Compounds Can Be Obtained from the Data of a Single Measurement Site Through the Use of Artificial Intelligence?

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Artificial Intelligence: Theory and Applications

Part of the book series: Studies in Computational Intelligence ((SCI,volume 973))

Abstract

Increasing air pollutant concentrations over the last few decades have been a focus of contemporary scientific research due to adverse effects on public health, the environment and climate change. In this chapter, we used an innovative integrated methodology for spatio-temporal characterization of sources and concentration forecasts of toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic representatives of volatile organic species—benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene, commonly referred to as BTEX. The methodology is based on receptor-oriented air circulation modeling and artificial intelligence implemented through machine learning and explainable artificial intelligence methods. The study covered two years of data obtained from a single monitoring station located at 54a Despota Stefana Boulevard (44\(^{\circ }\)49’68” N, 20\(^{\circ }\)28’04” E). This station was selected from the local and state network for air quality monitoring in the territory of Belgrade. The receptor-oriented modeling was effective for classifying sources of BTEX and the assessment of BTEX concentrations in the Belgrade urban area surrounding the receptor site that was not regularly monitored. The correlations and ratios between BTEX compounds were used for estimating their interrelationships and presence in the air, which contributed to the identification of their origin. Also, this study evaluated the possibilities of BTEX spatio-temporal forecasts based on the integrated methodology. For this purpose, XGBoost was efficient at forecasting BTEX levels, with estimated errors (6–15%) significantly below the uncertainty obtained by conventional models for the evaluation of average annual pollutant concentrations. The results suggest that temperature, wind speed and wind direction represented the main parameters which explain the spatio-temporal distribution of BTEX, while the impact of other factors showed significant variations depending on the locations of the receptor and the compound.

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Acknowledgements

Funding: The authors acknowledge funding provided by the Institute of Physics Belgrade, through a grant by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia, the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia #GRANT No. 6524105, AI - ATLAS, and Green Fund of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the Republic of Serbia (No. 401-00-1219/2018-05).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environment and Sustainable Development, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia

    Svetlana Stanišić

  2. Institute of Physics Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Environment and Sustainable Development, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia

    Mirjana Perišić, Gordana Jovanović, Dimitrije Maletić, Dušan Vudragović, Ana Vranić & Andreja Stojić

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  1. Svetlana Stanišić
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Correspondence to Svetlana Stanišić .

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    Endre Pap

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Stanišić, S. et al. (2021). What Information on Volatile Organic Compounds Can Be Obtained from the Data of a Single Measurement Site Through the Use of Artificial Intelligence?. In: Pap, E. (eds) Artificial Intelligence: Theory and Applications. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 973. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72711-6_12

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