Abstract
There is no culture without music. There is also no culture that does not have the octave as a frame interval. No culture exists which does not use musical instruments without a harmonic overtone structure. Some use more, like Western music, some use less, like Indonesian gamelan. In all cultures, there is a sense of timbre, rhythm, and form. All perceive loudness, all perceive pitch, all hear different instruments in ensemble music and can identify them.
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Bader, R. (2021). Music, Meaning, and Emotion. In: How Music Works. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67155-6_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67155-6_16
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Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
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Online ISBN: 978-3-030-67155-6
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