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Infectious Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in Children

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Pediatric Dialysis

Abstract

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains the most common dialysis modality utilized for the management of children with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide, particularly among very young children and in low-resource countries (NAPRTCS. NAPRTCS 2011 annual dialysis report, 2011; United States Renal Data System. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2018; Chesnaye et al. Pediatr Nephrol 29(12):2403–2410, 2014; Schaefer et al. Perit Dial Int 32(4):399–409, 2012). PD-related infections, including catheter exit-site and tunnel infections and peritonitis, are a significant complication of this therapy. Peritonitis is also the leading cause for hospitalization and technique failure among children on chronic PD (NAPRTCS. NAPRTCS 2011 annual dialysis report, 2011; United States Renal Data System. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2018; Chesnaye et al., Pediatr Nephrol 29(12):2403–2410, 2014; Schaefer et al., Perit Dial Int 32(4):399–409, 2012). This chapter will review the incidence and microbiology of PD-related infections in children as well as risk factors and preventative strategies, treatment, and outcomes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Alicia M. Neu

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA

    Bradley A. Warady

  3. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany

    Franz Schaefer

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  1. Alicia M. Neu
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  2. Bradley A. Warady
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  3. Franz Schaefer
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Correspondence to Bradley A. Warady .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA

    Bradley A. Warady

  2. Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Palo Alto, CA, USA

    Steven R. Alexander

  3. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    Franz Schaefer

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Neu, A.M., Warady, B.A., Schaefer, F. (2021). Infectious Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in Children. In: Warady, B.A., Alexander, S.R., Schaefer, F. (eds) Pediatric Dialysis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66861-7_16

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