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Minerals, Natural Environment, and Medical Geology

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Minerals latu sensu and Human Health

Abstract

The increasing concern of modern societies with the interactions between the environment and human health, in particular through the geological processes and products, justified the emergence in the last two decades of the scientific field called Medical Geology, which has been mainly focused on the negative or hazardous effects of minerals. The scientific field of Medical Geology is strongly interdisciplinary and is a matter of interest and involvement of people with professional education and training in diverse scientific areas, such as medicine, geology, biology, biochemistry, biophysics, mineralogy, geochemistry, hydrogeology, hydrochemistry, ecology, environment, food chemistry, pharmacy, nutrition, toxicology, pathology, epidemiology, etiology, territory planning, and economics. For instance, minerals could participate in the formulations of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics as active substances and as excipients, and could participate in mineral supplement formulations too. Minerals in the so-called elemental form are essential constituents of mineral water used for human consumption and are also used in naturotherapies involving mineral water such as mud therapy/pelotherapy, balneotherapy, crenotherapy, and thalassotherapy, mostly taking place in thermal spas where health resort medicine is practiced under medical counseling and supervision. Also, minerals in the elemental form and as minerals stricto sensu can cause pathologies that, in specific circumstances, can be lethal.

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Correspondence to Celso S. F. Gomes .

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Gomes, C.S.F. (2021). Minerals, Natural Environment, and Medical Geology. In: Gomes, C., Rautureau, M. (eds) Minerals latu sensu and Human Health. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65706-2_2

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