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Intravenous Curcumin Mitigates Atherosclerosis Progression in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits

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Pharmacological Properties of Plant-Derived Natural Products and Implications for Human Health

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1308))

Abstract

Orally administered curcumin has been found to have a moderate therapeutic effect on dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. The present study was conducted to determine lipid-modulating and antiatherosclerosis effects of injectable curcumin in the rabbit model of atherosclerosis induced by a high cholesterol diet (HCD). New Zealand white male rabbits were fed on a normal chow enriched with 0.5% (w/w) cholesterol for 8 weeks. Atherosclerotic rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, including a control group receiving intravenous (IV) injection of the saline buffer, two treatment groups receiving IV administration of the injectable curcumin at low (1 mg/kg/week) and high (10 mg/kg/week) over 4 weeks. Plasma lipid parameters, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) were measured. Aortic arch atherosclerotic lesions were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The low dose of curcumin significantly reduced plasma levels of TC, LDL-C, and TG by −14.19 ± 5.19%, −6.22 ± 1.77%, and − 29.84 ± 10.14%, respectively, and increased HDL-C by 14.05 ± 6.39% (p < 0.05). High dose of curcumin exerted greater lipid-modifying effects, in which plasma levels of TC, LDL-C, and TG were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by −56.59 ± 10.22%, −44.36 ± 3.24%, and − 25.92 ± 5.57%, respectively, and HDL-C was significantly increased by 36.24 ± 12.5%. H&E staining showed that the lesion severity was lowered significantly in the high dose (p = 0.03) but not significantly (p > 0.05) in the low-dose curcumin groups, compared to control rabbits. The median (interquartile range) of plaque grades in the high dose and low dose, and control groups was found to be 2 [2-3], 3 [2-3], and 4 [3-4], respectively. The injectable curcumin could significantly improve dyslipidemia and alleviate atherosclerotic lesion in HCD-induced atherosclerotic rabbits.

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Conflict of Interest

Muhammed Majeed is the founder of Sabinsa Corp. and Sami Labs Ltd. The other authors declare no competing interests.

Funding

We are thankful for the financial support from the National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD), Tehran, Iran (Grant no: 943771). The authors also thank the Research Council at the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Nanotechnology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni

  2. Hakim Hospital, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran

    Narges Amel Zabihi

  3. Department of Cardiology, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Ramin Khameneh Bagheri

  4. Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ, USA

    Muhammed Majeed

  5. Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran

    Tannaz Jamialahmadi

  6. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Tannaz Jamialahmadi

  7. Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

  8. Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

  9. School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

  10. Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

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  1. Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
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  2. Narges Amel Zabihi
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

    George E. Barreto

  2. Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

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Momtazi-Borojeni, A.A., Zabihi, N.A., Bagheri, R.K., Majeed, M., Jamialahmadi, T., Sahebkar, A. (2021). Intravenous Curcumin Mitigates Atherosclerosis Progression in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits. In: Barreto, G.E., Sahebkar, A. (eds) Pharmacological Properties of Plant-Derived Natural Products and Implications for Human Health. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1308. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_5

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