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Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals Regulating Insulin Resistance and Glucose Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Clinical Review

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Pharmacological Properties of Plant-Derived Natural Products and Implications for Human Health

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1308))

Abstract

Diabetes is a major health problem affecting more than four hundred million adults worldwide. The transition from normal glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes (T2D) is preceded by increased Insulin resistance (IR), an independent predictor of the development of T2D in high risk (e.g. obese populations, pre-diabetes) individuals. Insulin deficiency resulting from increased IR results in progressive glucose homeostasis dysfunction. Data has shown that IR is affected by many different factors such as genetics, age, exercise, dietary nutrients, obesity, and body fat distribution. One of the most important factors is diet, which plays an essential role in addressing T2D and metabolic syndrome. Nutraceuticals and medicinal plants have been shown to have efficacy in preventing chronic diseases like cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, likely through the anti-inflammatory properties found in nutraceuticals. However, the effect of these compounds, including traditional plant medicines, herbal formulations or their extracts on IR have not been systematically investigated. The objective of this review was to assess the reported effects of medicinal plants and bioactive natural compounds on IR. The findings confirm that most of the herbal bioactive compounds including resveratrol, garlic, curcumin, cinnamon, ginger, nuts, berberine, anthocyanin, soybean, flaxseed, vegetable oils, and soluble fibers have benefit in their efficacy for decreasing IR, fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin and HbA1c.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Atena Mahdavi & Mohammad Bagherniya

  2. Students’ Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Mohammad Sadegh Mirenayat

  3. Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar

    Stephen L. Atkin

  4. Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

  5. Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

  6. School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

  7. Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

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  1. Atena Mahdavi
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  2. Mohammad Bagherniya
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  5. Amirhossein Sahebkar
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Correspondence to Amirhossein Sahebkar .

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

    George E. Barreto

  2. Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Amirhossein Sahebkar

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Mahdavi, A., Bagherniya, M., Mirenayat, M.S., Atkin, S.L., Sahebkar, A. (2021). Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals Regulating Insulin Resistance and Glucose Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Clinical Review. In: Barreto, G.E., Sahebkar, A. (eds) Pharmacological Properties of Plant-Derived Natural Products and Implications for Human Health. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1308. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_13

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