Abstract
Ethiopia is the second-most populous country in Africa with a population of 112 million people. Its poor population suffers from the double burden of diseases of poverty as well as diseases of affluence. Both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease are quite common. Patients with acute kidney injury in Ethiopia are younger than similar patients in the developed world. Common causes of acute kidney injury include hypovolemia, acute glomerulonephritis, and obstetric causes. Diabetes and hypertension are presumed to be the leading causes of chronic kidney disease in older adults while chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology is common in younger adults. Maintenance hemodialysis is provided as an out-of-pocket payment scheme in a few major cities in the country, mainly by the private sector. Only 800 patients are estimated to be on maintenance dialysis in the entire country making the rate of hemodialysis 7.2 pmp. A few public teaching hospitals provide hemodialysis for acute kidney injury at a subsidized cost or for free. There are no peritoneal dialysis services in Ethiopia. A living-related kidney transplant program was started in 2015 and, to date, just over 110 patients have been transplanted with a reasonable short-term transplant outcome.
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Ejigu, A.M., Ahmed, M.M., Mengistu, Y.T. (2021). Nephrology in Ethiopia. In: Moura-Neto, J.A., Divino-Filho, J.C., Ronco, C. (eds) Nephrology Worldwide. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56890-0_4
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