Abstract
The 2016 Olympic Games hosted in Rio City was used as pretext for the implementation of a set of urban projects in the city, some of them carried out through public–private partnerships (PPP). The case of the Olympic Park draws attention not only because of the question of the territory, but also because of the countless promises of the legacy that were not fulfilled after the Olympic Games. In addition, there were removals of the families that lived in the territory and had to give space to the implementation of the Olympic project. The arenas to which no investment has been addressed, equipment that has been abandoned, schools that have not been built, all are examples of the disregard for this legacy.
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Notes
- 1.
According to Brito and Silveira (2005), this minimum value has the goal of creating barriers to services of low-contractual value, since PPPs have complex contracts with high costs of the transaction.
- 2.
Available at: <https://www.rio.rj.gov.br/dlstatic/10112/5305003/4138534/IntroducaoaoConceitodePPPeConcessoes.pdf >. Accessed: July 31, 2017.
- 3.
New alterations to PPPs law available at: <https://www.cosjuris.com/novas-alteracoes-na-lei-de-parcerias-publico-privadas>. Accessed: July 9, 2017.
- 4.
“The municipalities have at their disposal taxes that are applied on eminently urban activities: Imposto sobre a Propriedade Predial e Territorial Urbana (IPTU) [Urban Real Estate Property Tax] and Impostos sobre Serviços de Qualquer Natureza (ISS) [Tax on Services of Any Nature]” (Rolnik 2009).
- 5.
The Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal [Fiscal Responsibility Law] (Supplementary Law No 101, of 05/04/2000) establishes, under the national regime, parameters to be followed regarding the public spending of each Brazilian federative entity (states and municipalities). The budgetary constraints aim to preserve the fiscal situation of the federative entities, according to their annual balances, with the objective of guaranteeing the financial health of states and municipalities, the application of resources in the appropriate spheres, and a good management inheritance for future managers. Among its items are predicted that each increase in spending needs to come from a source of correlated funding and managers need to respect issues related to the end of each mandate, not exceeding the permitted limit and delivering healthy accounts to their successors (Tesouro Nacional 2017).
- 6.
Available at: <https://24.sapo.pt/article/lusa-sapo-pt_2016_05_03_886392665_banco-mundial-usa-portugal-para-exemplificar-riscos-das-ppp-em-mocambique>. Accessed: July 12, 2017.
- 7.
Available at: <https://www.azevedosette.com.br/pt/noticias/copa_e_olimpiadas_trarao_de_volta_parceria_publico-privada/2193>. Accessed: Aug. 1, 2017.
- 8.
Available at: <https://esportes.estadao.com.br/noticias/futebol,cidades-disputam-vaga-para-ser-sede-da-copa-2014,379121>. Accessed: Aug. 1, 2017.
- 9.
Available at: <https://www.portal2014.org.br/noticias/237/SETE+CIDADES+GAUCHAS+SONHAM+EM+SE+TORNAR+SUBSEDES+NA+COPA+2014.html>. Accessed: Aug. 1, 2017.
- 10.
State PPPs.
- 11.
In addition, another large PPP has been studied for a large urban area of the city of Rio de Janeiro, called Plano de Estruturação Urbana das Vargens [The Floodplains Urban Structuring Plan], known as PEU Vargens. If it is carried out, it will be the largest PPP contract in Brazil.
- 12.
Available at: <https://www.portaldatransparencia.gov.br/copa2014/home.seam>. Accessed: Sept. 8, 2016.
- 13.
Available at: <https://138.97.105.70/conteudo/contratos/EDITAL%20PPP%20E%20ANEXOS.zip>. Accessed: July 7, 2017.
- 14.
The community neighboring the former Jacarepaguá Autodrome went through the process of removal due to the construction of the apparatus for the Olympic Park. Of the 500 families who inhabited the site, only 20 remained, after a process of many struggles. Residents who have been removed still try to fight for their rights. Available at: https://www.ihu.unisinos.br/78-noticias/565192-removidos-pelo-parque-olimpico-lutam-por-compensacao-mais-justa. Accessed: Aug. 28, 2018.
- 15.
Available at: <https://epoca.globo.com/vida/esporte/noticia/2016/08/o-preco-do-legado-do-parque-olimpico-da-barra.html>. Accessed: July 20, 2017.
- 16.
Available at: <https://www.rio.rj.gov.br/web/guest/exibeconteudo?id=7135102>. Accessed: July 7, 2017.
- 17.
Available at: <https://www.iab.org.br/projetos/1o-lugar-concurso-parque-olimpico-um-protagonista-global>. Accessed: Aug. 10, 2017.
- 18.
The Outdoor Sand Court was provided by the Brazilian Volleyball Confederation (CBV).
- 19.
Available at: <https://oglobo.globo.com/rio/estrutura-da-arena-do-futuro-sera-usada-para-construir-quatro-escolas-em-caxias-22525627>. Accessed: Aug. 25, 2018.
- 20.
Available at: <https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/geral/noticia/2017-06/ministro-do-esporte-espera-que-parque-olimpico-seja-incluido-no-ppi>. Accessed: June 19, 2017.
- 21.
It is worth remembering that no social interest housing was designed for the site as a legacy after the Olympic Games. In addition, the construction of the Olympic Park involved the removal of the Vila Autódromo community.
- 22.
“AGLO should be dissolved on June 30, 2019, of after the completion of its duties”, in https://aglo.gov.br/quem-somos-2/#1511807709255-d464c15f-252e. Accessed: Aug. 27, 2018.
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dos Santos, C.P. (2020). Public–Private Partnerships in the Context of Mega Events. In: de Queiroz Ribeiro, L.C., Bignami, F. (eds) The Legacy of Mega Events. The Latin American Studies Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55053-0_3
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