Awareness and Attitudes of Sri Lankans About the Value of Potable Water and Water Security

Abstract

Water is a vital resource for human beings. However, it is recognised that the general Sri Lankan public is not sufficiently aware of water security issues including the importance of safe drinking water and the cost involved in producing potable water from raw water sources. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 100 households in Kegalle District to understand citizens’ attitude and practices regarding water use. Results found that 34% obtain drinking water from National Water Supply and Drainage Board (NWS&DB), 52% from wells, 14% from community-based organizations (CBOs) and 4% from nearby rivers. For the NWS&DB consumers, 72% are charged between Rs.100 and 1000. When it comes to domestic water use, 100% used potable water for bathing, 89% used it for washing, 61% watered the gardens with it and 11% bathed their pets with it. 97% of the people who get water from rivers, streams and wells have not subjected it to any laboratory testing, leading to consumption of potentially unsafe water. Around 55% were found to not store water for emergency and crisis situations. Majority of the respondents were found to exhibit practices and habits which lead to wastage of potable water. The media has also been relatively unsuccessful in improving awareness on water issues among the citizens. Overall, the awareness and attitudes of public about issues pertaining to water security were found to be highly dissatisfactory. In the context of rapid development and climate change contexts, it is essential that sustainable water conservation practices are promoted and fostered among the population.