Abstract
The inability of a person to sense his own breath results in a situation called the “bad breath paradox” (Scott Harper, personal communication). According to this paradox many people suffering from breath odors are unaware of their condition, whereas many others that do not have any breath odor worry excessively that they do. For example, in a study of 88 subjects attending a routine health checkup, 19 thought that they had bad breath, but this was not confirmed by the odor judge. Conversely, nine had confirmed breath odor but were not aware of it (Rosenberg et al. 2007). In another study conducted in Japan (Iwakura et al. 1994), 80% of the patients who visited the clinic claimed to be self-aware of their condition, while only 24% had actual malodor.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Al-Ansari JM, Boodai H, Al-Sumait N, Al-Khabbaz AK, Al-Shammari KF, Salako N. Factors associated with self-reported halitosis in Kuwaiti patients. J Dent. 2006;34(7):444–9.
Barbe AG, Deutscher DHC, Derman SHM, Hellmich M, Noack MJ. Subjective and objective halitosis among patients with Parkinson's disease. Gerodontology. 2017;34(4):460–8.
Bornstein MM, Stocker BL, Seemann R, Burgin WB, Lussi A. Prevalence of halitosis in young male adults: a study in swiss army recruits comparing self-reported and clinical data. J Periodontol. 2009;80(1):24–31.
Dudzik A, Chomyszyn-Gajewska M, Łazarz-Bartyzel K. An evaluation of halitosis using oral chroma™ data manager, organoleptic scores and patients’ subjective opinions. J Int Oral Health. 2015;7(3):6–11.
Eli I, Baht R, Koriat H, Rosenberg M. Self-perception of breath odor. J Am Dent Assoc. 2001;132(5):621–6.
Greenstein RB, Goldberg S, Marku-Cohen S, Sterer N, Rosenberg M. Reduction of oral malodor by oxidizing lozenges. J Periodontol. 1997;68(12):1176–81.
Iwakura M, Yasuno Y, Shimura M, Sakamoto S. Clinical characteristics of halitosis: differences in two patient groups with primary and secondary complaints of halitosis. J Dent Res. 1994;73(9):1568–74.
Nalcaci R, Baran I. Factors associated with self-reported halitosis (SRH) and perceived taste disturbance (PTD) in elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2008;46(3):307–16.
Pham TA, Ueno M, Shinada K, Kawaguchi Y. Comparison between self-perceived and clinical oral malodor. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2012;113(1):70–80.
Romano F, Pigella E, Guzzi N, Aimetti M. Patients’ self-assessment of oral malodour and its relationship with organoleptic scores and oral conditions. Int J Dent Hyg. 2010;8(1):41–6.
Rosenberg M, Leib E. Experiences of an Israeli malodor clinic. In: Rosenberg M, editor. Bad breath research perspectives. Tel Aviv: Ramot Publishing—Tel Aviv University; 1997. p. 137–48.
Rosenberg M, Kozlovsky A, Gelernter I, Cherniak O, Gabbay J, Baht R, Eli I. Self-estimation of oral malodor. J Dent Res. 1995;74(9):1577–82.
Rosenberg M, Kozlovsky A, Wind Y, Mindel E. Self-assessment of oral malodor 1 year following initial consultation. Quintessence Int. 1999;30(5):324–7.
Rosenberg M, Knaan T, Cohen D. Association among bad breath, body mass index, and alcohol intake. J Dent Res. 2007;86(10):997–1000.
Settineri S, Mento C, Gugliotta SC, Saitta A, Terranova A, Trimarchi G, Mallamace D. Self-reported halitosis and emotional state: impact on oral conditions and treatments. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2010;8:34.
Spouge JD. Halitosis: a review of its causes and treatment. Dent Pract. 1964;14:307–17.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sterer, N., Rosenberg, M. (2020). Self-Assessment of Breath Odors. In: Breath Odors. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44731-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44731-1_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-44730-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-44731-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)