Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cities at the Nexus

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Food-Energy-Water Nexus

  • 743 Accesses

Abstract

A majority of the world’s population lives in urban areas, typically distant from the natural resources necessary to support human needs. This poses great challenges for sustainable food, energy, and water supply, especially in the face of disruptions caused by climate change, population mobility, and extreme social and economic disparities. This chapter offers an analysis of the drivers of food, energy, and water socio-ecological systems in cities and metropolitan regions and discusses sustainable FEW supply chain management in cities, examines the impact of poverty and exclusion on FEW insecurity in cities, and provides examples of Nexus innovation in a handful of specific cities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    See Michigan Supreme Court Bolt v. City of Lansing, 459 Mich. 152 (1998) for a distinction between user fees and taxes requiring voter approval under the Headlee Amendment to the Michigan Constitution (Mich Const 1963, art 9, sections 25 and 31).

  2. 2.

    Implemented under the provisions of Michigan Public Act 4 of 2011 (since replaced by 436 of 2012); see also the previous Public Act 72 of 1990 for another emergency financial management policy.

  3. 3.

    One such classic example is the successful adoption of solar cookers in tropical cities that were formerly dependent on traditional charcoal stoves. Solar cookers proved to be well suited to the long, slow cooking needed for the dried fish, vegetables, and rough grains of local diets. Charcoal stoves were inefficient with unhealthy fumes, and contributed to deforestation and associated negative impacts on local lakes and rivers as well as carbon sequestration.

References

  • Abelman, J. (2017). Working Group: From urban agriculture to new urban commons – Productive landscapes and infrastructural ecologies. http://apru-scl.uoregon.edu/2017/03/08/from-urban-agriculture-to-new-urban-commons-productive-landscapes-and-infrastructural-ecologies/.

  • Alstone, P., Gershenson, D., & Kammen, D. M. (2015). Decentralized energy systems for clean electricity access. Nature Climate Change, 5(4), 305–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, O. (2017). Kentucky. In A. Hachadourian, C. Hillstrom (Eds.), 3 Creative solutions to protect water, wildlife, and a warming city nation of change. http://www.yesmagazine.org/issues/50-solutions/3-creative-solutions-to-protect-water-wildlife-and-a-warming-city-20170205.

  • Aubry, C., & Kebir, L. (2013). Shortening food supply chains: A means for maintaining agriculture close to urban areas? The case of the French metropolitan area of Paris. Food Policy, 41, 85–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baatz, E. (1995). The Chain Gang: Successful management of the supply chain can save a company both money and time, but CIO-100 winners are taking it a step further. CIO, 8, 46–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bakker, K. (2003). Archipelagos and networks: Urbanization and water privatization in the South. The Geographical Journal, 169(4), 328–341.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnard, P. L., Hoover, D., Hubbard, D. M., et al. (2017). Extreme oceanographic forcing and coastal response due to the 2015–2016 El Niño. Nature Communications, 8, 14365.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barthel, S., & Isendahl, C. (2013). Urban gardens, agriculture, and water management: Sources of resilience for long-term food security in cities. Ecological Economics, 86, 224–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Becchis, F., Asquer, A., & Russolillo, D. (Eds.). (2016). The political economy of local regulation: Theoretical frameworks and international case studies. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beveridge, R., Moss, T., & Naumann, M. (2017). Sociospatial understanding of water politics: Tracing the multidimensionality of water reuse. Water Alternatives, 10(1), 22–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bizikova, L., et al. (2013). The water-energy-food security nexus: Towards a practical planning and decision-support framework for landscape investment and risk management. Winnipeg: International Institute for Sustainable Development.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bouzarovski, S. (2015). Retrofitting the city: Residential flexibility, resilience and the built environment. London: IB Tauris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bouzit, M., Das, S., & Cary, L. (2017). Valuing treated wastewater and reuse: Preliminary implications from a meta-analysis. Water Economics and Policy, 4, 1–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breitenbach, S. (2017). States see value in backing ‘food hubs’ for farmers, consumers. Stateline. http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2017/01/19/states-see-value-in-backing-food-hubs-farmers-consumers.

  • Brodt, S., et al. (2013). Comparing environmental impacts of regional and national-scale food supply chains: A case study of processed tomatoes. Food Policy, 42, 106–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, P. (2017). Wind turbines head for homes again. environmentalresearchweb, 2 Feb 2017. http://climatenewsnetwork.net/wind-turbines-head-homes/.

  • Budds, J., & McGranahan, G. (2003). Privatization and the provision of urban water and sanitation in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. London: International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).

    Google Scholar 

  • Coley, D., Howard, M., & Winter, M. (2009). Local food, food miles, and carbon emissions: A comparison of farm shop and mass distribution approaches. Food Policy, 34(2), 150–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conklin, A. R. (2017). It ain’t easy being green (infrastructure). Aquatic Sciences Chronicle, 1, 6–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cousins, F. (2017). The US is suffering from a very real water crisis that few are acknowledging. DeSmogBlog, 24 Jan 2017. https://www.desmogblog.com/2017/01/24/america-suffering-very-real-water-crisis-few-are-acknowledging.

  • Coyle, B. D., & Ellison, B. (2017). Will consumers find vertically farmed produce “out of reach”?. Choices Quarter 1 Available online: http://www.choicesmagazine.org/choices-magazine/theme-articles/transformations-in-the-food-system-nutritional-and-economic-impacts/will-consumers-find-vertically-farmed-produce-out-of-reach.

  • Dahl, K. A., Fitzpatrick, M. F., & Spanger-Siegfried, E. (2017). Sea level rise drives increased tidal flooding frequency at tide gauges along the U.S. East and Gulf Coasts: Projections for 2030 and 2045. PLoS One. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170949.

  • Daniels, P. (2017). Designing a renewable food system. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 10 Jan 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickson, J. D. (2017). Farming nonprofit aims to grow North End co-op. Detroit News, 26 Feb 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elliott, J. M., & Ali, S. R. (2007). The state and local government political dictionary. Rockville: Wildside Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • EPA, U.S. (2017). Cited March 2017. Available from: https://www.epa.gov/water-research/promoting-sustainability-through-net-zero-strategies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farley, G. A. (1997). Discovering supply chain management: A roundtable discussion. APICS—The Performance Advantage, 7(1), 38–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feldberg, S. (2017). Farm of the future: What grows in Las Vegas stays in Las Vegas. National Public Radio The Salt, 23 Jan 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleming, L. N. (2018). State OKs permit letting Nestle draw more water in west Michigan. The Detroit News. Online at https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/politics/2018/04/02/nestle-michigan-permit-water-withdrawal/33489833/.

  • Frazier, I. (2017). The vertical farm: Growing crops in the city without soil or natural light. The New Yorker, 9 Jan 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  • German Advisory Council on Global Change. (2016). Humanity on the move: Unlocking the transformative power of cities. http://www.wbgu.de/fileadmin/templates/dateien/veroeffentlichungen/hauptgutachten/hg2016/hg2016_en.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Global Water Forum. (2012). Water outlook to 2050: The OECD call for early and strategic action. Available from http://www.globalwaterforum.org/2012/05/21/water-outlook-to-2050-the-oecd-calls-for-early-and-strategic-action/.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, P., & Goodman, P. (1947). Communitas. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gould, K. A., & Lewis, T. L. (2016). Green gentrification: Urban sustainability and the struggle for environmental justice. New York: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Grassi, M., Rizzo, L., & Farina, A. (2013). Endocrine disruptors compounds, pharmaceuticals and personal care products in urban wastewater: Implications for agricultural reuse and their removal by adsorption process. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 20(6), 3616–3628.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haarstad, H. (2016). Who is driving the ‘smart city’ agenda? Assessing smartness as a governance strategy for cities in Europe. In A. Jones et al. (Eds.), Services and the green economy (pp. 199–218). London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hagelaar, G. J., & Van der Vorst, J. G. (2001). Environmental supply chain management: Using life cycle assessment to structure supply chains. The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 4(4), 399–412.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoff, H. (2011). Understanding the nexus. Background paper for the Bonn2011 Conference: The water, energy and food security nexus. Stockholm: Stockholm Environment Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • ICIC. (n.d.). Recommendations for the City of Boston. www.icic.org.

  • Ilieva, R. T. (2016). Urban food planning: Seeds of transition in the global north. New York: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Jarosz, L. (2008). The city in the country: Growing alternative food networks in Metropolitan areas. Journal of Rural Studies, 24(3), 231–244.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jeffries, N. (2017). Organic matters. Circulate. http://circulatenews.org/2017/03/organic-matters/.

  • Johannessen, A., & Wamsler, C. (2017). What does resilience mean for urban water services? Ecology and Society, 22(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-08870-220101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lafer, G. (2017). The one percent solution: How corporations are remaking America, one state at a time. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Lazarova, V., & Bahri, A. (2004). Water reuse for irrigation: Agriculture, landscapes, and turf grass. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Leck, H., et al. (2015). Tracing the water-energy-food nexus: Description, theory and practice. Geography Compass, 9(8), 445–460.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, H. L., & Billington, C. (1992). Managing supply chain inventory: Pitfalls and opportunities. Sloan Management Review, 33(3), 65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lerma Montero, I. (2017). Chapter 11: Landfill culture: Some implications to degrowth. In Transitioning to a post-carbon society. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loftus, A. J., & McDonald, D. A. (2001). Of liquid dreams: A political ecology of water privatization in Buenos Aires. Environment and Urbanization, 13(2), 179–199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma, S., Goldstein, M., Pitman, A. J., et al. (2017). Pricing the urban cooling benefits of solar panel deployment in Sydney, Australia. Scientific Reports, 7, 43938. http://www.nature.com/articles/srep43938.pdf.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mack, E. A., & Wrase, S. (2017). A burgeoning crisis? A nationwide assessment of the geography of water affordability in the United States. PLoS One, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169488.

  • Mansuy, J. (2016). Food waste: The actions of public and private actors globally. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2903253.

  • Massey, B. (2017). D.C.’s urban farms wrestle with gentrification and displacement. Civil Eats.

    Google Scholar 

  • Masten, S., Davies, S., & McElmurry, S. P. (2016). Flint water crisis: What happened and why? Journal of the American Water Works Association, 108(12), 22–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matos, S., & Hall, J. (2007). Integrating sustainable development in the supply chain: The case of life cycle assessment in oil and gas and agricultural biotechnology. Journal of Operations Management, 25(6), 1083–1102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Middleton, C., & Allen, S. (2014). The (re) discovery of “the Nexus”: Political economies and dynamic sustainabilities of water, energy and food security in Southeast Asia. In Asia Pacific Sociological Association (APSA) conference “Transforming societies: Contestations and convergences in Asia and the Pacific”, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

    Google Scholar 

  • Milman, O. (2017). Atlantic City and Miami Beach: Two takes on tackling the rising waters. The Guardian, 20 Mar 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mix, T. L., Raridon, A., & Croff, J. M. (2016). “There is just a stigma here”: Historical legacies, food justice, and solutions-based approaches toward urban community resilience. In B. Caniglia, M. Vallee, & B. Frank (Eds.), Resilience, environmental justice and the city (p. 79). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Molinero, S. (2017). Green business models: The key enabler for smart cities in Europe. IISD SDG Knowledge Hub, 31 Jan 2017. http://sdg.iisd.org/commentary/guest-articles/green-business-models-the-key-enabler-for-smart-cities-in-europe/.

  • Morgan, K., & Murdoch, J. (2000). Organic vs. conventional agriculture: Knowledge, power, and innovation in the food chain. Geoforum, 31(2), 159–173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, C. (1999, May). 1999 cultivating Havana: Urban agriculture and food security in the years of crisis. Oakland, CA: IFDP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, A. (2017). Can green infrastructure really solve Pittsburgh’s stormwater problems?. http://www.alleghenyfront.org/can-green-infrastructure-really-solve-pittsburghs-stormwater-problems/.

  • Nastiti, A., Meijerink, S. V., Oelmann, M., et al. (2017). Cultivating innovation and equity in co-production of commercialized spring water in peri-urban Bandung, Indonesia. Water Alternatives, 10(1), 160–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nogrady, B. (2017). Urban heat islands: Cooling things down with trees, green roads, and fewer cars. The Guardian.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norman, K., Sargent, R., & Fanshaw, B. (2016). Shining cities 2016: How smart local policies are expanding solar power in America. Environment America and Frontier Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Padawangi, R. (2017). Building knowledge, negotiating expertise: Participatory water supply advocacy and service in globalizing Jakarta. East Asian Science, Technology and Society, 11(1), 71–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pimentel, D., et al. (2008). Reducing energy inputs in the US food system. Human Ecology, 36(4), 459–471.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ralson, K., & Newman, C. (2015, October). A look at what’s driving lower purchases of school lunches. Washington, DC: United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. Amber Waves.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ray, R., Fisher, D. R., & Fisher-Maltese, C. (2016). School gardens in the city: Does environmental equity help close the achievement gap? DuBois Review: Social Science Research On Race, 13(2), 379–395.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reese, A. M. (2016). The roots of food inequalities. Gravy, Winter 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  • Renting, H., & Wiskerke, J. S. C. (2010). New emerging roles for public institutions and civil society in the promotion of sustainable local agro-food systems. In 9th European IFSA symposium, Vienna, Austria.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riemenschneider, C., et al. (2016). Pharmaceuticals, their metabolites, and other polar pollutants in field-grown vegetables irrigated with treated municipal wastewater. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 64(29), 5784–5792.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rizet, C., et al. (2008). Chaînes logistiques et consommation d’énergie: cas des meubles et des fruits et légumes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, W. (2017). Three ways to urban agricultures: Digging into three very different offerings from three new books. Medium, 30 Mar 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, J. L. (2017). Chapter 9: Rethinking the politics of water: Risk, resilience and the rights of future generations. In B. S. Caniglia, M. Vallee, & B. F. Frank (Eds.), Resilience, environmental justice and the city (pp. 159–176). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Romero-Lankao, P., McPhearson, T., & Davidson, D. (2017). The food-energy-water nexus and urban complexity. Nature Climate Change, 7, 233–235.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rueb, E. S. (2017). How New York city gets its electricity. New York Times. New York 101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schepelmann, P. (2016). Regional governance for climate protection: Transition management in North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlich, E., et al. (2006). La consommation d’énergie finale de différents produits alimentaires: un essai de comparaison. Le Courrier de l’environnement de l’INRA, 53(53), 111–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skocpol, T. (1980). Political response to capitalist crisis: Neo-Marxist theories of the state and the case of the new deal. Politics and Society, 10(2), 155–201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sofia, G., Roder, G., Dalla Fontana, G., et al. (2017). Flood dynamics in urbanised landscapes: 100 years of climate and humans’ interaction. Scientific Reports, 7, 40527.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Solar Power in America. (2016). Frontier Group and Environment America Research and Policy Center. http://environmentamerica.org/sites/environment/files/reports/EA_shiningcities2016_scrn.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stern, P., Kalof, L., Dietz, T., et al. (1995). Values, beliefs, and pro-environmental action: Attitude formation toward emergent attitude objects. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 25(18), 1611–1636.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stutz, B. (2017). A vulnerable community braces for the impacts of sea level rise. Yale Environment 360. http://e360.yale.edu/features/a-vulnerable-community-braces-for-the-impacts-of-sea-level-rise.

  • Swyngedouw, E. (2005). Dispossessing H2O: The contested terrain of water privatization. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 16(1), 81–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tachet R, Santi P et al. (2016). Revisiting street intersections using slot-based systems. PLoS One, 11(3): e0149607.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tan, K. C. (2001). A framework of supply chain management literature. European Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, 7(1), 39–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tran, Q. K., Schwabe, K. A., & Jassby, D. (2016). Wastewater reuse for agriculture: Development of a Regional Water Reuse decision-support Model (RWRM) for cost-effective irrigation sources. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(17), 9390–9399.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Travers, J. (2017). Growing agrihoods: The next frontier in urban revitalization. Civil Eats, 30 Jan 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trienekens, J. H., et al. (2012). Transparency in complex dynamic food supply chains. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 26(1), 55–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • UEMI. (2017). Urban Electric Mobility Initiative. http://www.uemi.net/.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations. (2015). Sustainable development goals: 17 goals to transform our world. Available from http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations Demographic Yearbook. (2016). Table 6 Technical Notes. Available from: https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/documents/dyb2016/Notes06.pdf.

  • Walton, S. V., Handfield, R. B., & Melnyk, S. A. (1998). The green supply chain: Integrating suppliers into environmental management processes. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 34(1), 2–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wellinghoff, J., & Weissman, S. (2015). The right to self-generate as a grid-connected customer. Energy Law Journal. http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=cleepubs.

  • White, R., & Stirling, S. A. (2014). Resilience in sustainable lifestyles research project. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Andy_Stirling/publication/282358849_Resilience_in_Sustainable_Lifestyles_Research_Project_Report/links/560e5c2308ae6b29b498658c.pdf.

  • World Energy Council. (2013). World energy scenarios: Composing energy futures to 2050. Available from http://www.worldenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/World-Energy-Scenarios_Composing-energy-futures-to-2050_Executive-summary.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zahran, S., McElmurry, S., et al. (2018). Assessment of the legionnaires’ disease outbreak in flint Michigan. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1718679115.

  • Zeuli, K., & Niijhuis, A. (2017). The resilience of America’s urban food systems: Evidence from five cities. http://icic.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Rockefeller_ResilientFoodSystems_FINAL_post.pdf?x96880.

  • Zeuli, K., Niijhuis, A., & Murphy, P. (2015). Resilient food systems, resilient cities: Recommendations for the City of Boston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhuikov, M. (2017). Attacking urban water contamination through science and policy. Aquatic Sciences Chronicle, 1, 1–3.

    Google Scholar 

Further Reading

  • Brears, R. C. (2019). The green economy and the water–energy–food nexus. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chirisa, I., & Bandauko, E. (2015). African cities and the water-food-climate-energy nexus: An agenda for sustainability and resilience at a local level. Urban Forum, 26(4), 391–404. Springer Netherlands..

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duvernoy, I. (2018). Alternative voices in building a local food policy: Forms of cooperation between civil society organizations and public authorities in and around Toulouse. Land Use Policy, 75, 612–619.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fan, J.-L., Kong, L.-S., Wang, H., & Zhang, X. (2019). A water-energy nexus review from the perspective of urban metabolism. Ecological Modelling, 392, 128–136.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gondhalekar, D., & Ramsauer, T. (2017). Nexus city: Operationalizing the urban water–energy–food nexus for climate change adaptation in Munich, Germany. Urban Climate, 19, 28–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hawken, P. (Ed.). (2017). Drawdown: The most comprehensive plan ever proposed to reverse global warming. UK: Penguin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heard, B. R., Miller, S. A., Liang, S., & Xu, M. (2017). Emerging challenges and opportunities for the food–energy–water nexus in urban systems. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, 17, 48–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Irazábal, C. (2017). City making and urban governance in the Americas: Curitiba and Portland. New York: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Kurian, M. (2017). The water–energy–food nexus: Trade-offs, thresholds and transdisciplinary approaches to sustainable development. Environmental Science & Policy, 68, 97–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lord, C., & Norquist, K. (2010). Cities as emergent systems: Race as a rule in organized complexity. Environmental Law, 40, 551–597.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mallach, A. (2018). The divided city: Poverty and prosperity in urban America. Washington, DC: Island Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Newell, J., & Ramaswami, A. (Eds.). (2017). Focus on urban food–energy–water systems: Interdisciplinary, multi-scalar and cross-sectoral perspectives. Environmental Research Letters, 12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Owen, A., Scott, K., & Barrett, J. (2018). Identifying critical supply chains and final products: An input-output approach to exploring the energy–water-food nexus. Applied Energy, 210, 632–642.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pothukuchi, K., Arrowsmith, M., & Lyon, N. (2018). Hydraulic fracturing: A review of implications for food systems planning. Journal of Planning Literature, 33(2), 155–170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Romero-Lankao, P., McPhearson, T., & Davidson, D. J. (2017). The food–energy–water nexus and urban complexity. Nature Climate Change, 7(4), 233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schlör, H., Venghaus, S., & Hake, J.-F. (2018). The FEW-Nexus city index–measuring urban resilience. Applied Energy, 210, 382–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spahn, A. (2018). “The first generation to end poverty and the last to save the planet?”—Western individualism, human rights and the value of nature in the ethics of global sustainable development. Sustainability, 10(6), 1853.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vogt, C., Zimmermann, M., & Brekke, K. (2014). Operationalizing the urban NEXUS: Towards resource-efficient and integrated cities and metropolitan regions. Germany: GIZ and ICLEI.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sociology, School of Social Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Craig Harris

  2. Department of Urban Studies & Planning, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

    Natalie Lyon & Kami Pothukuchi

  3. Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

    Carol Miller & Yongli Zhang

  4. Health Urban Waters, College of Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

    Lara Treemore-Spears

Authors
  1. Craig Harris
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Natalie Lyon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Carol Miller
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Kami Pothukuchi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Lara Treemore-Spears
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Yongli Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lara Treemore-Spears .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Energy Policy and Climate, Advanced Academic Programs, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC, USA

    Peter Saundry

  2. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA

    Benjamin L. Ruddell

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Harris, C., Lyon, N., Miller, C., Pothukuchi, K., Treemore-Spears, L., Zhang, Y. (2020). Cities at the Nexus. In: Saundry, P., Ruddell, B. (eds) The Food-Energy-Water Nexus. AESS Interdisciplinary Environmental Studies and Sciences Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29914-9_18

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation