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The Gut Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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Molecular Genetics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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Abstract

The role of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an early focus of microbiome science, is the topic of this chapter. Specifically, we investigate the evidence for the gut microbiota as an integral player in the development and maintenance of IBD, we outline the alterations in community composition (‘dysbiosis’) that have been reported in the literature and we also describe mechanisms that connect host genotype to a pro-inflammatory dysbiosis, completing a link between disease susceptibility, molecular genetics, microbiome alterations and the subsequent positive feedback cycle between inflammation and dysbiosis. The aim is to highlight how advances in molecular genetics and microbiome science may be brought together to improve our understanding of IBD, while providing a blueprint for developing the next generation of hypotheses, biomarkers, and therapies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UMRS 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

    Aonghus Lavelle

  2. ISorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Service de Gastroenterologie, Paris, France

    Harry Sokol

  3. INRA, UMR1319 Micalis & AgroParisTech, Jouy en Josas, France

    Harry Sokol

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  1. Aonghus Lavelle
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  1. Gastroenterology unit, Patient Area Gastroenterology, Dermatovenereology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

    Charlotte Hedin

  2. Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada

    John D. Rioux

  3. School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia

    Mauro D'Amato

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Lavelle, A., Sokol, H. (2019). The Gut Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. In: Hedin, C., Rioux, J., D'Amato, M. (eds) Molecular Genetics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28703-0_16

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