Abstract
This chapter begins by highlighting the research neglect of the second language classroom as a social entity. Although the importance of taking account of the fluid and complex natures of individual and group identities in the language learning context is now beginning to be recognised, there is still a need to investigate language learners through the prism of their social interactions. The chapter goes on to explore the often subversive and incongruous nature of humorous language play, something which helps explain the fact that it has largely been ignored in classroom research. The chapter finishes by pointing to the scant research into how learners, especially at the lower end of the proficiency spectrum, manage to play in the target language and the role of that play in the development of a classroom’s social life.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Appel, J. (2007). Language teaching in performance. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 17(3), 277–293.
Attardo, S. (1994). Linguistic theories of humour. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Bakhtin, M. M. (1981). The dialogic imagination. Austin: University of Texas Press.
Bateson, G. (1972). Steps to an ecology of mind. New York: Ballantine.
Beckoff, B., & Byers, J. A. (1998). Animal play: Evolutionary, comparative and ecological perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bell, N. D. (2005). Exploring L2 language play as an aid to SLL: A case study of humour in NS-NNS interaction. Applied Linguistics, 26(2), 192–218. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amh043.
Bell, N. D., & Pomerantz, A. (2014). Reconsidering language teaching through a focus on humor. EuroAmerican Journal of Applied Linguistics and Languages, 1(1), 31–47.
Bell, N. D., Skalicky, S., & Salsbury, T. (2014). Multicompetence in L2 language play: A longitudinal case study. Language Learning, 64(1), 72–102. https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12030.
Belz, J. (2002). Second language play as representation of the multicompetent self in foreign language study. Journal of Language, Identity and Education, 1(1), 13–39.
Belz, J., & Reinhardt, J. (2004). Aspects of advanced foreign language proficiency: Internet-mediated German language play. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 14, 324–362.
Block, D. (2007). Second language identities. London: Continuum.
Bongartz, C., & Schneider, M. L. (2003). Linguistic development in social contexts: A study of two brothers learning German. The Modern Language Journal, 87, 13–37. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-4781.00176.
Broner, M., & Tarone, E. (2001). Is it fun? Language play in a fifth-grade Spanish immersion classroom. Canadian Modern Language Review, 58(4), 493–525. https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.58.4.493.
Brown, P., & Levinson, S. (1987). Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cameron, L. (2003). Metaphor in educational discourse. London: Continuum.
Carter, R. (2004). Language and creativity: The art of common talk. Abingdon: Routledge.
Cekaite, A., & Aronsson, K. (2005). Language play, a collaborative resource in children’s L2 learning. Applied Linguistics, 26(2), 169–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amh042.
Chandler, D. (2002). Semiotics: The basics. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e7ff75.
Chiaro, D. (1992). The language of jokes: Analysing verbal play. London: Routledge.
Coates, J. (2007). Talk in a play frame: More on laughter and intimacy. Journal of Pragmatics, 39(1), 29–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2006.05.003.
Cook, G. (1997). Language play, language learning. ELT Journal, 51(3), 224–231. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/51.3.224.
Cook, G. (2000). Language play, language learning. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Crystal, D. (1998). Language play. London: Penguin Books.
Crystal, D. (2003). English as a global language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
DaSilva Iddings, A. C., & McCafferty, S. G. (2007). Carnival in a mainstream kindergarten classroom: A Bakhtinian analysis of second language learners’ off-task behaviors. Modern Language Journal, 91(1), 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2007.00508.x.
Davies, C. E. (2003). How English-learners joke with native speakers: An interactional sociolinguistic perspective on humor as collaborative discourse across cultures. Journal of Pragmatics, 35(9), 1361–1385. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(02)00181-9.
Eckert, P., & McConnell-Ginet, S. (1992). Think practically and look locally: Language and gender as community-based practice. Annual Review of Anthropology, 21(1), 461–490. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anthro.21.1.461.
Gardner, R. C., & Lambert, W. E. (1972). Attitudes and motivation in second language learning. Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
Gibbs, R. W. (1999). Taking metaphor out of our heads and putting it into the cultural world. In R. W. Gibbs & G. Steen (Eds.), Metaphor in cognitive linguistics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Glenn, P. (2003). Laughter in interaction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. London: Penguin Books.
Goffman, E. (1974). Frame analysis. Boston: Northeastern University Press.
Gordon, C. (2008). A(p)parent play: Blending frames and reframing in family talk. Language in Society, 37(3), 319–349. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047404508080536.
Gumperz, J. J. (1982). Discourse strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hall, J. K. (1995). (Re)creating our worlds with words: A sociohistorical perspective of face-to-face interaction. Applied Linguistics, 16(2), 206–232. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/16.2.206.
Harder, P. (1980). Discourse as self-expression—On the reduced personality of the second-language learner. Applied Linguistics, 1, 262–270.
Henig, R. M. (2008, February). Taking play seriously. New York Times Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/17/magazine/17play.html.
Holliday, A. (1999). Small cultures. Applied Linguistics, 20(2), 237–264.
Holmes, J. (2007). Making humour work: Creativity on the job. Applied Linguistics, 28(4), 518–537. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amm048.
Huizinga, J. (1970). Homo Ludens. London: Paladin.
Jenkins, J. (2007). English as a Lingua Franca: Attitude and identity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kanno, Y. (2003). Imagined communities, school visions and the education of bilingual students in Japan. Journal of Language, Identity and Education, 2, 285–300.
Kramsch, C. (2006). From communicative competence to symbolic competence. The Modern Language Journal, 90(2), 249–252.
Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon.
Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors we live by. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lantolf, J. (1997). The function of language play in the acquisition of L2 Spanish. In W. R. Glass & A. T. Perez-Leroux (Eds.), Contemporary perspectives on the acquisition of Spanish (pp. 3–24). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.
Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Li, X. (2007). Souls in exile: Identities of bilingual writers. Journal of Language, Identity and Education, 6, 259–275.
Liang, X. (2006). Identity and language functions: High school Chinese immigrant students’ code-switching dilemmas in ESL classrooms. Journal of Language, Identity and Education, 5, 143–167.
Meddings, L. (2006, January 20). Embrace the parsnip. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/education/2006/jan/20/tefl4.
Morreall, J. (1987). The philosophy of laughter and humour. New York: State University of New York.
Norrick, N. R. (1993). Conversational joking: Humour in everyday talk. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Pellegrino, V. (2005). Study abroad and second language use: Constructing the self. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Pomerantz, A., & Bell, N. D. (2007). Learning to play, playing to learn: FL learners as multicompetent language users. Applied Linguistics, 28(4), 556–578. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amm044.
Prodromou, L. (2007). Bumping into creative idiomaticity. English Today, 23(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266078407001046.
Rampton, B. (2007). Neo-Hymesian linguistic ethnography. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 11(5), 584–607.
Raskin, V. (1985). Semantic mechanisms of humor. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel.
Reddington, E., & Waring, H. Z. (2015). Understanding the sequential resources for doing humor in the language classroom. Humor—International Journal of Humor Research, 28(1), 1–23.
Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2001). Approaches and methods in language teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rinvolucri, A. (1999). The UK, ELFese sub-culture and dialect. Folio, 5, 12–40.
Rogerson-Revell, P. (2007). Humour in business: A double-edged sword: A study of humour and style shifting in intercultural business meetings. Journal of Pragmatics, 39(1), 4–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2006.09.005.
Samuda, V., & Bygate, M. (2008). Tasks in second language learning. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Saussure, F. de. (1959). Course in general linguistics. London: Peter Owen.
Schmidt, R. (1983). Interaction, acculturation, the acquisition of communicative competence. In N. Wolfson & E. Judd (Eds.), Sociolinguistics and TESOL. Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
Seargeant, P. (2012). English in the world today. In English in the world: History, diversity, change (pp. 5–35). Abingdon: Routledge.
Seidlhofer, B. (2011). Understanding English as a Lingua Franca. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Straehle, C. (1993). “Samuel?” “Yes, dear?” Teasing and conversational rapport. In D. Tannen (Ed.), Framing in discourse (pp. 210–230). New York: Oxford University Press.
Street, B. (1993). Culture is a verb: Anthropological aspects of language and cultural process. In D. Graddol, L. Thompson, & M. Byram (Eds.), Language and culture: British studies in applied linguistics, 7. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Sullivan, P. (2000). Playfulness as mediation in communicative language teaching in a Vietnamese classroom. In J. P. Lantolf (Ed.), Sociocultural theory and second language learning (pp. 115–131). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Swann, J., & Maybin, J. (2007). Introduction: Language creativity in everyday contexts. Applied Linguistics, 28(4), 491–496. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amm047.
Symons, D. (1978). The question of function: Dominance and play. In E. O. Smith (Ed.), Social play in primates (pp. 193–230). New York: Academic Press.
Tannen, D. (2006). Intertextuality in interaction: Reframing family arguments in public and private. Text and Talk, 26(4–5), 597–617. https://doi.org/10.1515/TEXT.2006.024.
Tarone, E. (2000). Getting serious about language play: Language play, interlanguage variation and second language acquisition. In B. Swierzbin, F. Morris, M. E. Anderson, C. Klee, & E. Tarone (Eds.), Second language acquisition: Selected proceedings of the 1999 second language research forum (pp. 31–54). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.
Tarone, E. (2002). Frequency effects, noticing, and creativity. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 24(2), 287–296. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263102002139.
Teutsch-Dwyer, M. (2002). [Re]constructing masculinity in a new linguistic reality. In A. Pavlenko, A. Blackledge, I. Piller, & M. Teutsch-Dwyer (Eds.), Multingualism, second language acquisition and gender (pp. 175–198). New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Toolan, M. (2006). Telling stories. In J. Maybin & J. Swann (Eds.), The art of English: Everyday creativity (pp. 54–102). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Van Dam, J., & Bannink, A. (2017). The first English (EFL) lesson: Initial settings or the emergence of a playful classroom culture. In N. Bell (Ed.), Multiple perspectives on language play (pp. 245–280). Berlin: Walter de Guyter.
Victoria, M. (2011). Building common ground in intercultural encounters: A study of classroom interaction in an employment preparation programme for Canadian immigrants. The Open University.
Widdowson, H. G. (1998). The theory and practice of critical discourse analysis. Applied Linguistics, 19(1), 136–151. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/19.1.136.
Wolfson, N. (1988). The bulge: A theory of speech behaviour and social distance. In J. Fine (Ed.), Second language discourse: A textbook of current research. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hann, D. (2020). The Underexplored Role of Humorous Play in the Second Language Classroom. In: Spontaneous Play in the Language Classroom. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26304-1_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26304-1_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-26303-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-26304-1
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)