Abstract
This chapter discusses three cases of contemporary neighbouring initiatives: community housing and co-living; friendship-driven living choices (where people move into a neighbourhood in order to live near their friends); and neighbourhoods of common interest (e.g. gay neighbourhoods), along with the resistance to this. These cases all suggest the possibility that we can choose our neighbours as we choose our friends. The chapter also points out that friendship networks do not depend on location (neighbourhood), or even on obvious signs of common interests (e.g. sexual orientation). They tend to be more like personal communities, formed of personal attachments and interwoven connections across different settings, of which neighbourhood is only one, along with family, work and informal social groups of all kinds.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
‘Murundaka’ is a local Wurundjeri word meaning ‘a place to stay or live’. The Wurundjeri are a people of the Indigenous Australian nation of the Wurundjeri language group, in the Kulin alliance. They historically occupied the Birrarung (Yarra River) Valley, its tributaries and the present location of Melbourne.
- 2.
This 2016 study of professional gay men’s personal communities used a ‘snowballing’ sampling technique to recruit a small sample of gay men who work in the nominally ‘gay friendly’ setting of health care in New South Wales (Colgan 2007; Rumens and Kerfoot 2009: 756). The participants were aged between 29 and 51. Over half the subjects were registered nurses. A third worked in healthcare administration and some participants worked in allied health. None had been married and only one participant had a child. Snowballing a small sample is unlikely to represent “the proportionate relationships among [a population’s] constituents” (Crouch and McKenzie 2006: 483). However, it can be used to uncover the dynamics of a particular situation. In addition, the methodology followed here was based on the lengthy ‘personal communities’ analysis of Spencer and Pahl (2006: 213). This requires extensive re-interviewing and is known to produce data saturation, after 6–10 interviews (Morse 2000: 5). The analysis of personal community maps and interviews revealed (among other things) neighbourly social connections.
- 3.
Like the other names cited in this chapter, ‘Martin’ is a pseudonym used to protect the privacy of study participants.
References
Adams, R.G. (1998). The Demise of Territorial Determinism: Online Friendships. In R. Adams and G. Allan (1998). Placing Friendship in Context (pp. 153–182). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Altman, D. (1982). The Homosexualization of America. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Beck-Gernsheim, E. (1999). On the Way to a Post-Familial Family: From a Community of Need to Elective Affinities. Theory, Culture and Society, 15(3–4), 53–70.
Berube, A. (2005). Mixed Communities in England: A US Perspective on Evidence and Policy Prospects. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
Budgeon, S. (2006). Friendship and Formations of Sociality in Late Modernity: The Challenge of Post Traditional Intimacy. Sociological Research Online, 11(30), 1–11.
Bulmer, M. (1986). Neighbours: The Work of Phillip Abrams. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Colgan, F., Creegan, C., McKearney, A., and Wright, T. (2007). Equality and Diversity Policies and Practices at Work: Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Workers. Equal Opportunities International, 26(6), 590–609.
Crouch, M. and McKenzie, H. 2006. The Logic of Small Samples in Interview-based Qualitative Research. Social Science Information, 45(4), 483–499.
Crow, G.P., Allan, G., and Summers, M. (2002). Neither Busybodies nor Nobodies: Managing Proximity and Distance in Neighbourly Relations. Sociology, 36(1), 127–145.
Feld, S., and Carter, W.C. (1998). Foci of Activity as Changing Contexts of Friendship. In R. Adams and G. Allan (Eds.), Placing Friendship in Context (pp. 136–152). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Fernandez Arrigoitia, M. (2015). Islington Park Street Community: A Model for Alternative Housing in London. London: London School of Economics.
Fischer, C.S. (1976). The Urban Experience. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovitch.
Fischer, C.S., Merton, R.K., and Merton, Robert K. (1976). The Urban Experience. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Giddens, A. (1990). The Consequences of Modernity. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Ghaziani, A. (2014). Introduction. In There Goes the Gayborhood? (pp. 1–32). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Goff, C. (2005, 24 July). Britain’s First Purpose Built Commune. The Independent. Retrieved from: https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/britains-first-purpose-built-commune-301390.html.
Ham, L. (2016, 26 October). Meet the Australians Living in ‘Intentional’ Communities. Domain.com. Retrieved from: https://www.domain.com.au/news/meet-the-australians-living-in-intentional-communities-20161024-gs98hg/.
Kasperkevic, J. (2016, 20 March). Co-Living: The Companies Reinventing the Idea of Roommates. The Guardian. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/mar/20/co-living-companies-reinventing-roommates-open-door-common-.
Kelly, B.C., Carpiano, R.M., Easterbrook, A., and Parsons, J.T. (2014). Exploring the Gay Community Question: Neighborhood and Network Influences on the Experience of Community Among Urban Gay Men. The Sociological Quarterly, 55, 23–48.
Kippax, S., Connell, R.W., Dowsett, G.W., and Crawford, J. (1993). Sustaining Safe Sex: Gay Communities Respond to AIDS. London: Falmer Press.
Lein, L. (1983). The Ties That Bind: An Introduction. In L. Lein and M.B. Sussman (Eds.), The Ties that Bind: Men’s and Women’s Social Networks. New York: Haworth Press.
Living in the Future. (2014, 26 February). Murundaka Co-housing Community. Retrieved from: http://livinginthefuture.org/blog/murundaka-co-housing-community/.
Moorhead, J. (2010, 1 May). It’s Like a Mini Centre Parcs! The Guardian. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/may/01/cohousing-community-stroud.
Morse, J.M. (2000). Determining Sample Size. Qualitative Health Research, 10(1), 3–5.
Moss, H. (1982, 30 May). Neighbors, Friends, Collaborators, Enemies. New York Times: Book Review. Retrieved from: https://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/30/books/neighbors-friends-collaborators-enemies.html.
O’Connor, P. (1992). Relationships Between Women. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
Pahl, R. (2005). Are All Communities, Communities in the Mind? Sociological Review Monograph, 4(53), 621–640.
Rawstorne, P., Holt, M., Kippax, S., Worth, H., Wilkinson, J., and Bittman, M. (2009). e-Male Survey 2008: Key Findings from a National Online Survey of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Australia. MONOGRAPH 3/2009 (pp. 1–54). Sydney: National Centre in HIV Social Research, University of New South Wales.
Rosenblum, N.L. (2016). Good Neighbors: The Democracy of Everyday Life. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Rumens, N. (2008). Working at Intimacy: Gay Men’s Workplace Friendships. Gender, Work and Organisation, 15(1), 9–30.
Rumens, N. (2010). Firm Friends: Exploring the Supportive Components in Gay Men’s Workplace Friendships. The Sociological Review, 58(1), 1–15.
Rumens, N., and Kerfoot, D. (2009). Gay Men at Work: (Re)Constructing the Self as Professional. Human Relations, 62(5), 763–786.
Scanlon, K., and Fernandez Arrigoitia, M. (2015). Development of New Cohousing: Lessons from a London Scheme for the over 50s. Journal of Urban Research and Practice, 8(1), 106–121.
Spencer, L., and Pahl, R. (2006). Rethinking Friendship: Hidden Solidarities Today. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Tan, S. (2016, 23 March). Know Your Neighbours, Buy Cheaper Apartment: Co Housing Is the Next Big Thing. Financial Review. Retrieved from: http://www.afr.com/real-estate/know-your-neighbours-buy-cheaper-apartments-cohousing-is-the-next-big-thing-20160323-gnp79g.
Wardill, J. (2017, 23 August). Leeds Housing Focus: Cohousing Time to Go European. Yorkshire Evening Post. Retrieved from: https://www.yorkshireeveningpost.co.uk/news/leeds-housing-focus-what-is-cohousing-1-8727029.
Wellman, B. (1979). The Community Question. The American Journal of Sociology, 8(84), 1201–1231.
Wellman, B. (1983). Network Analysis: Some Basic Principles. Sociological Theory, 1, 155–200.
Wellman, B., Craven, P., Whitaker, M., Stevens, H., Shorter, A., DuToit, S., and Bakker, H. (1973). Community Ties and Support Systems: From Intimacy to Support. In L.S. Bourne, R.D. MacKinnon, and J.W. Simmons, The Form of Cities in Central Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto, Department of Geography Research Publications.
Wellman, B., and Leighton, B. (1979). Networks, Neighborhoods, and Communities Approaches to the Study of the Community Question. Urban Affairs Review, 14(3), 363–390.
Wellman, B., and Wortley, S. (1990). Different Strokes for Different Folks: Community Ties and Social Support. American Journal of Sociology, 96(3), 558–588.
Widdicombe, L. (2016, 20 May). Happy Together. The New Yorker. Retrieved from: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/05/16/the-rise-of-the-co-living-startup.
Willmott, P. (1986). Neighbours, Social Networks, Informal Care and Public Policy. London: Policy Studies Institute.
Wilkinson, J., Bittman, M., Holt, M., Rawstorne, P., Kippax, S., and Worth, H. (2012). Solidarity Beyond Sexuality: The Personal Communities of Gay Men. Sociology, 46(6), 1161–1177.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wilkinson, J. (2019). Simmel Moves to a Different Neighbourhood. In: The Public Life of Friendship . Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Family and Intimate Life. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03161-9_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03161-9_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-03160-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-03161-9
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)