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Dénutrition de la personne âgée : épidémiologie et conséquences

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Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée

Abstrait

La prévalence de la dénutrition est estimée à environ 4 10 % à domicile, 15–38 % en institution et 30–70 % à l’hôpital. Du fait de l’importance de la population âgée vivant à domicile, c’est au domiciic que l’on observe le plus grand nombre de personnes â.gées dénutnes (300 000 à 400 000 personnes), nécessitant de développer des stratégies de dépistage et de prise en charge, particulièrement chez les personnes âgées en perte d’autonomie. En institution, la prévalence de la dénutrition est liée à l’importance des pathologies et de la dépendance, mais aussi à la qualité de la prestation alimentaire et au temps dont disposent les soignants pour l’aide à l’alimentation. La dénutrition est souvent présente à l’entrée à l’hôpital ; pendant le séjour, les causes d’une alimentation insuffisante sont multiples (pathologie, anxiété, douleur, médicaments, perte des repères…) et le statut nutritionnel se détériore. La population âgée représente aussi une population à risque de carence en micronutriments.

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  1. Service de gériatrie, Hôpital Bichat Claude-Bernard, Faculté de médecine Denis Diderot, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75877, Paris Cedex 18

    A. Raynaud-Simon

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Raynaud-Simon, A. (2009). Dénutrition de la personne âgée : épidémiologie et conséquences. In: Traité de nutrition de la personne âgée. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-98117-3_19

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