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Cardiomyopathies

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Anatomic Basis of Echocardiographic Diagnosis

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Abstract

Cardiomyopathies are cardiac disorders characterized by predominant myocardial dysfunction – expressed as diastolic or systolic ventricular dysfunction. Before the advent of molecular biology, cardiomyopathies were considered heart muscle disease of unknown etiology. The most recently accepted definition of a cardiomyopathy is a heterogeneous group of diseases of the myocardium associated with mechanical or electrical dysfunction that usually (but not invariably) exhibit inappropriate ventricular hypertrophy or dilation and are due to a variety of causes that frequently are genetic [1]. Cardiomyopathies are either confined to the heart (primary cardiomyopathies) or are part of generalized systemic disorders (secondary cardiomyopathies). Within the group of primary cardiomyopathies, some are thought to be genetic (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), some acquired (post-myocarditis), and some mixed (dilated cardiomyopathy) in pathoetiology [1]. Traditionally, three general cardiomyopathy groups are widely recognized – dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathies [2, 3]. It is expected that these cardiomyopathy classifications will evolve and change especially in view of the increasing knowledge of genetic mutations and their relationship to diseases. In the future we may classify cardiomyopathies according to categories of mutations of cytoskeleton elements, sarcomeric proteins, and components of the intercalated disk or ion channels [4].

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  1. Heart Institute Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa, Ruskin Street 40, K1Y 4W7, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Dr. Kwan-Leung Chan

  2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, Civic Campus Carling Ave. 1053, K1Y 4E9, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Dr. John P. Veinot

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Chan, KL., Veinot, J.P. (2010). Cardiomyopathies. In: Anatomic Basis of Echocardiographic Diagnosis. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-387-9_6

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