Abstract
Many patients with congenital heart disease survive into adulthood. In some cases, this is due to the mild nature of the disease, while in others, it is the result of palliative or curative procedures performed during childhood. In this chapter, we shall provide an overview of our approach in the echocardiographic assessment of patients with suspected congenital heart disease, a description of the common congenital heart diseases that present in the adult population, and finally, a discussion of the long-term sequelae in adult patients who have had corrective or palliative cardiac surgery for congenital heart diseases. Surgery in these patients is seldom totally corrective, but instead, can be associated with significant residual structural and hemodynamic abnormalities. Long-term complications related to the complex procedures are also common.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Sanders SP. Echocardiography and related techniques in the diagnosis of congenital heart defects. Part I. Echocardiography. 1984;1:185-217.
Sanders SP. Echocardiography and related techniques in the diagnosis of congenital heart defects. Part II. Echocardiography 1984;1:333-391.
Sanders SP. Echocardiography and related techniques in the diagnosis of congenital heart defects. Part III. Echocardiography 1984;1:443-493.
Horn KD, Devine WA. An approach to dissecting the congenitally malformed heart in the forensic autopsy: the value of sequential segmental analysis. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2001 Dec;22(4):405-11.
Webb G, Gatzoulis MA. Atrial septal defects in the adult - Recent progress and overview. Circulation. 2006;114(15):1645-1653.
Shub C, Dimopoulos IN, Seward JB, et al. Sensitivity of two-dimensional echocardiography in the direct visualization of atrial septal defect utilizing the subcostal approach: experience with 154 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1983 Jul;2(1):127-35.
Fagan S, Veinot JP, Chan KL. Residual sinus venosus atrial septal defect after surgical closure of atrial septal defect. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2001 Jul;14(7):738-741.
Minette MS, Sahn DJ. Ventricular septal defects. Circulation. 2006;114(20):2190-2197.
Hagler DJ, Edwards WD, Seward JB, Tajik AJ. Standardized nomenclature of the ventricular septum and ventricular septal defects, with applications for two-dimensional echocardiography. Mayo Clin Proc. 1985 Nov;60(11):741-752.
Schneider DJ, Moore JW. Patent ductus arteriosus. Circulation. 2006;114(17):1873-1882.
Smallhorn JF, Huhta JC, Adams PA, Anderson RH, Wilkinson JL, Macartney FJ. Cross-sectional echocardiographic assessment of coarctation in the sick neonate and infant. Br Heart J. 1983 Oct;50(4):349-361.
Hibi N, Fukui Y, Nishimura K, Miwa A, Kambe T, Sakamoto N. Cross-sectional echocardiographic study on persistent left superior vena cava. Am Heart J. 1980 Jul;100(1):69-76.
Chan KL, Abdulla A. Images in cardiology. Giant coronary sinus and absent right superior vena cava. Heart. 2000 Jun;83(6):704.
Engel PJ, Held JS, Van dB-K, Spitz H. Echocardiographic diagnosis of congenital sinus of Valsalva aneurysm with dissection of the interventricular septum. Circulation. 1981 Mar;63(3):705-711.
Bashore TM. Adult congenital heart disease - Right ventricular outflow tract lesions. Circulation. 2007;115(14):1933-1947.
Deanfield JE, Ho SY, Anderson RH, McKenna WJ, Allwork SP, Hallidie-Smith KA. Late sudden death after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: a clinicopathologic study. Circulation. 1983 Mar;67(3):626-631.
Silversides CK, Veldtman GR, Crossin J, et al. Pressure half-time predicts hemodynamically significant pulmonary regurgitation in adult patients with repaired tetralogy of fallot. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2003 Oct;16(10):1057-62.
Therrien J, Siu SC, McLaughlin PR, Liu PP, Williams WG, Webb GD. Pulmonary valve replacement in adults late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: are we operating too late? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000 Nov 1;36(5):1670-1675.
Warnes CA. Transposition of the great arteries. Circulation. 2006;114(24):2699-2709.
Fyfe DA, Kline CH, Sade RM, Gillette PC. Transesophageal echocardiography detects thrombus formation not identified by transthoracic echocardiography after the Fontan operation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991 Dec;18(7):1733-1737.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer London
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chan, KL., Veinot, J.P. (2010). Congenital Heart Disease. In: Anatomic Basis of Echocardiographic Diagnosis. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-387-9_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-387-9_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-84996-386-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-84996-387-9
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)