Constipation means either feces remaining overlong in the large intestine, so that the interval between defecations is prolonged, or difficult or painful defecation due to dry, large or hard feces.
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Liu, Z. (2009). Constipation. In: Liu, Z. (eds) Essentials of Chinese Medicine. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-596-3_14
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