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Control of Interstitial Fluid Homeostasis: Roles of Growth Factors and Integrins

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Vascular Complications in Human Disease

Abstract

Fluid and solutes are constantly filtered from the blood stream to the surrounding loose interstitial connective tissue. This flow of fluid has importance for, e.g., cellular metabolism and immunosurveillance. The filtered fluid is moved through the tissues into the lymphatic vessels, which eventually return fluid and solutes back into the blood circulation. The driving force for the filtration results from differences between fluid pressures in the blood vessel and loose connective tissue. The Starling equation, JV = ΔPK, describes fluid filtration (JV) across a capillary wall (for a review, see Ref.1). K is a constant expressing capillary area and permeability. ΔP is the differences in the colloid osmotic pressures in plasma (COPc) and interstitial fluid (COPif), and between capillary hydrostatic pressure (Pc) and interstitial fluid pressure (Pif) according to: ΔPP = (Pc − Pif ) − σ (COPc − COPif), where σ is the plasma protein reflection coefficient. Normally, σ is close to 1, reflecting the low leakage of plasma proteins from normal blood vessels. The higher concentration of diffusible proteins in plasma compared to interstitial fluid together with the properties of the capillary wall causes a higher COPc than COPif, generating a pressure difference that tends to keep fluid within the vessels. Inflammatory processes result in an increased vascular permeability for plasma proteins with a lowering of σ that may cause edema formation since σ (COPc − COPif) is lowered.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

    Kristofer Rubin PhD

  2. Department of Oncology Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Kristofer Rubin PhD

  3. Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    Åsa Lidén PhD & Rolf K. Reed MD, PhD

  4. IMBIM, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

    Tijs van Wieringen MSc

Authors
  1. Kristofer Rubin PhD
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  2. Åsa Lidén PhD
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  3. Tijs van Wieringen MSc
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  4. Rolf K. Reed MD, PhD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK

    David Abraham PhD (Professor of Cellular and Molecular Biology) (Professor of Cellular and Molecular Biology)

  2. Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free and University College Hospital Medical School, London, UK

    Michael Dashwood PhD (Principal Research Fellow) (Principal Research Fellow)

  3. The National Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London

    Clive Handler BSc, MD, MRCP, FACC, FESC (Consultant in Pulmonary Hypertension and Honorary Senior Lecturer) (Consultant in Pulmonary Hypertension and Honorary Senior Lecturer)

  4. Department of Medicine, Royal Free and University College Hospital Medical School, London, UK

    Clive Handler BSc, MD, MRCP, FACC, FESC (Consultant in Pulmonary Hypertension and Honorary Senior Lecturer) (Consultant in Pulmonary Hypertension and Honorary Senior Lecturer)

  5. Royal Free Hospital, London, UK

    Gerry Coghlan MD, FRCP (Consultant Cardiologist) (Consultant Cardiologist)

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Rubin, K., Lidén, Å., van Wieringen, T., Reed, R.K. (2008). Control of Interstitial Fluid Homeostasis: Roles of Growth Factors and Integrins. In: Abraham, D., Dashwood, M., Handler, C., Coghlan, G. (eds) Vascular Complications in Human Disease. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-919-4_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-919-4_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-84628-919-4

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