Abstract
Gastrointestinal system is formed by organs with complex morphology and functions. Digestive tract is not a sterile medium and is exposed to external environment aggressions. As a result, its diseases are complex and encompass a broad spectrum of pathogenic mechanisms and their treatment is often challenging and frequently incurable or chronicity-tending processes are found. In this scenario, stem cells with their differentiation potential and encouraging properties could be helpful. Nowadays Stem Cells have yielded promising results in preclinical studies, some approaches have started clinical development and registered clinical trials are exponentially increasing every year. In 2011, the most advanced programs, involving Crohn’s disease and fistulous disease, have reached phase III of development. Other tested diseases include ulcerative colitis, fecal incontinence or celiac disease. If the preliminary results are confirmed, we think that this therapy may become a clinical reality in the near future. In this chapter, we summarize Stem Cells potential benefits, the current experience and the future perspectives in gastrointestinal system diseases.
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Abbreviations
- SCs:
-
Stem Cells
- ESCs:
-
Embryonic Stem Cells
- ASs:
-
Adult Stem cells
- iPS:
-
Induced Pluripotent Stem
- BM-MSCs:
-
Bone Marrow derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
- MAPCS:
-
Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells
- ASCs:
-
Adipose derived Stem Cells
- HSCs:
-
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
- GISCs:
-
GastroIntestinal Stem Cells
- LPCs:
-
Liver Progenitor Cells
- EPCs:
-
Endothelial Progenitor Cells
- CBC:
-
Cript Base Columnar cells
- BMSC:
-
Bone Marrow Stem Cells
- CDAI:
-
Crohn’s Disease Activity Index
- IBDQ:
-
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire
- BM-MNCs:
-
Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells
- SVF:
-
Stromal Vascular Fraction from lipoaspirate
- PDSCs:
-
Placental Derived Stem Cells
- U-MSCs:
-
Umbilical derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to express their gratitude to all the staff of the Stem Cell Therapy Laboratory of “La Paz” University Hospital (Madrid, Spain), to staff of Investigation Institute IdiPAZ (Madrid, Spain) and of both General and Digestive Surgery Department from “La Paz” University Hospital and “Nuestra Señora de Sonsoles” Hospital (Avila, Spain). We also would like to acknowledge our families for their continuous support during drafting of this chapter.
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Trebol Lopez, J., Georgiev-Hristov, T., García-Arranz, M., García-Olmo, D. (2013). Stem Cell Applications for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal System Diseases . In: Baharvand, H., Aghdami, N. (eds) Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-098-4_12
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