Abstract
The area of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has seen considerable changes in the last decade. Nomenclature and classification of HE was formalized for the first time with a report by the Hepatic Encephalopathy Consensus group in the World Gastroenterology Congress meeting in Vienna in 1998. Terminology was devised and in the ensuing decade we have seen virtually all publications using this system. There was always recognition that this new system of classification would need periodic updates and a recent meeting in Val David, Quebec has introduced some changes.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ferenci P, Lockwood A, Mullen K, Tarter R, Weissenborn K, Blei AT. Hepatic encephalopathy–definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: final report of the working party at the 11th World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998. Hepatology. 2002;35(3):716–21.
Sanaka MR, Ong JP, Mullen KD. Challenges of designing hepatic encephalopathy treatment Âtrials. Hepatology. 2003;38(2):527–8.
Mullen KD. Review of the final report of the 1998 Working Party on definition, nomenclature and diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;25 Suppl 1:11–6.
Bajaj JS, Cordoba J, Mullen KD, Amodio P, Shawcross DL, Butterworth RF, et al. Review Âarticle: the design of clinical trials in hepatic encephalopathy—an International Society for Hepatic Encephalopathy and Nitrogen Metabolism (ISHEN) consensus statement. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011;33(7):739–47.
Bajaj JS, Wade JB, Sanyal AJ. Spectrum of neurocognitive impairment in cirrhosis: implications for the assessment of hepatic encephalopathy. Hepatology. 2009;50(6):2014–21.
Atluri DK, Asgeri M, Mullen KD. Reversibility of hepatic encephalopathy after liver transplantation. Metab Brain Dis. 2010;25(1):111–3.
Kircheis G, Fleig WE, Gortelmeyer R, Grafe S, Haussinger D. Assessment of low-grade hepatic encephalopathy: a critical analysis. J Hepatol. 2007;47(5):642–50.
Hassanein TI, Hilsabeck RC, Perry W. Introduction to the Hepatic Encephalopathy Scoring Algorithm (HESA). Dig Dis Sci. 2008;53(2):529–38.
Haussinger D, Cordoba Cardona J, Kircheis G, Vilstrup H, Fleig WE, Jones EA. Definition and assessment of low-grade hepatic encephalopathy. In: Haussinger D, Kircheis G, Schliess F, Âeditors. Hepatic encephalopathy and nitrogen metabolism. The Netherlands: Springer; 2006. p. 423–32.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mullen, K.D., Prakash, R.K. (2012). Introduction, Nomenclature, and Classification of Hepatic Encephalopathy. In: Mullen, K., Prakash, R. (eds) Hepatic Encephalopathy. Clinical Gastroenterology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-836-8_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-836-8_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-835-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-836-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)