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Oxidative Stress, Aging, and Cardiovascular Disease

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Aging and Age-Related Disorders

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Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) represents the primary cause of death in Western countries and has a great impact on human health and high social costs. Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in the etiology of this disease. In particular, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidization has a key role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular heart diseases through initiation of the plaque formation process. Dietary phytochemical products such as antioxidant vitamins (A, C, E) and bioactive food components (α- and β-carotene) have shown an antioxidant effect in reducing both oxidative markers of stress and the LDL-oxidization process. Scientific evidence supports the beneficial roles of phytochemicals in the prevention of some chronic diseases. Many vitamins and carotenoids with great antioxidant properties have shown both in epidemiologic studies and human supplementation trials a reduction of cardiovascular risk. However, controlled clinical trials and dietary intervention studies using a well-defined subject population have not provided clear evidence of the efficacy of these substances in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The current chapter aims to evaluate the beneficial effect of antioxidant substances in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiology Unit, “San Camillo de Lellis” Hospital, Manfredonia, Foggia, Italy

    G. Riccioni

  2. Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaco-Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Bari, Bari, Italy

    V. Sblendorio

  3. Human Nutrition, Biomedical Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio,”, Chieti, Italy

    N. D’Orazio

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  1. G. Riccioni
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  2. V. Sblendorio
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  3. N. D’Orazio
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Correspondence to G. Riccioni .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Occupational & Environmental, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Room 320, Med Surge II, Irvine, 92697, California, USA

    Stephen Bondy

  2. New Jersey Medical School, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Medicine & Dentistry of Ne, South Orange Avenue 185, Newark, 07101, New Jersey, USA

    Kenneth Maiese

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Riccioni, G., Sblendorio, V., D’Orazio, N. (2010). Oxidative Stress, Aging, and Cardiovascular Disease. In: Bondy, S., Maiese, K. (eds) Aging and Age-Related Disorders. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-602-3_13

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