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Oxidative Stress and Atrial Fibrillation

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Studies on Cardiovascular Disorders

Abstract

The pathological processes involved in initiation and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation (AF) are still unclear. AF is associated with systemic and cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation. Many risk factors for AF, such as aging and diabetes, are associated with an increased level of reactive oxygen species. In addition, oxidative stress has been shown at both cellular and tissue levels to be arrhythmogenic. Mechanisms of oxidative stress–induced arrhythmia involve a wide range of biological processes and signaling pathways, mainly resulting in abnormal Na+ current and intracellular Ca2+ handling. These lead to early and delayed afterdepolarizations as well as effects on conduction velocity through gap junctional remodeling. Oxidative stress is likely to participate with other central mechanisms of arrhythmia, particularly with inflammation and myocardial fibrosis, to promote AF. Understanding these mechanisms should provide better potential therapeutic targets for treatment of the arrhythmia and its complications. In this chapter, we summarize the role of oxidative stress in AF and some potential therapeutic strategies.

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Acknowledgments

Funding: R01 HL085520, R01 HL085558, R01 HL073753, an American Heart Association Established Investigator Award 0440164 N, and a Veterans Affairs MERIT grant.

Author Disclosure Statement SCD holds a patent entitled: Oxidative Stress Markers Predict Atrial Fibrillation 60/835,074. SCD is a recipient of a grant from Pfizer, Inc. to run at trial, Statins for the prevention of atrial fibrillation (StoP-AF; NCT00252967).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Ali A. Sovari & Samuel C. Dudley

  2. Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Ali A. Sovari & Samuel C. Dudley

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  1. Ali A. Sovari
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  2. Samuel C. Dudley
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Correspondence to Samuel C. Dudley .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Physiologisches Institut, Universität Gießen, Aulweg 129, Gießen, 35392, Germany

    Heinrich Sauer

  2. James Black Centre, King's College, London, Coldharbour Lane 125, London, SE5 9NU, United Kingdom

    Ajay M. Shah

  3. Fac. Medicina, Instituto do Coração (INCOR), Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar 44, São Paulo, 05403-000, São Paulo, Brazil

    Francisco R. M. Laurindo

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Sovari, A.A., Dudley, S.C. (2010). Oxidative Stress and Atrial Fibrillation. In: Sauer, H., Shah, A., Laurindo, F. (eds) Studies on Cardiovascular Disorders. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-600-9_19

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