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Prevention of Islet Graft Rejection and Recipient Tolerization

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Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

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Abstract

Type 1 diabetes is thought to be caused by an immune-mediated destruction of β cells that occurs over years and continues even after presentation with hyperglycemia. Adaptive immune mechanisms are believed to be primary mediators of this process. Immune memory for the initial process that resulted in β-cell failure, the high frequency of alloreactive T cells, and the nonphysiologic environment into which islets have been transplanted all create obstacles for successful reversal of diabetes with islet replacement. In this chapter we review the immune mechanisms that are thought to be responsible for β-cell destruction and discuss the obstacles that stand in the way of the successful achievement of β-cell replacement.

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  1. Section of Human Translational Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA

    Eitan M. Akirav & Kevan C. Herold

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  1. Eitan M. Akirav
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Correspondence to Eitan M. Akirav .

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  1. Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel

    Shimon Efrat

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Akirav, E.M., Herold, K.C. (2010). Prevention of Islet Graft Rejection and Recipient Tolerization. In: Efrat, S. (eds) Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-366-4_13

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