Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Chronic Heart Failure

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and Aging

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

  • 2801 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 199.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Katz AM, Katz PB. Diseases of the heart in the works of Hippocrates. Br Heart J 1961;24:257–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Rosamond W, Flegal K, Friday G, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2007 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation 2007;115:e69–171.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kannel WB, Belanger AJ. Epidemiology of heart failure. Am Heart J 1991;121:951–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. DeFrances CJ, Podgornik MN. 2004 National Hospital Discharge Survey. Advance data from vital and health statistics; no. 371. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kozak LJ, DeFrances CJ, Hall MJ. National Hospital Discharge Survey: 2004 annual summary with detailed diagnosis and procedure data. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2006:13(162).

    Google Scholar 

  6. O’Connell JB. The economic burden of heart failure. Clin Cardiol 2000;23 (suppl):III6–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Gottdiener JS, Arnold AM, Aurigemma GP, et al. Predictors of congestive heart failure in the elderly: the Cardiovascular Health Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;35:1628–37.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Levy D, Larson MG, Vasan RS, Kannel WB, Ho KK. The progression from hypertension to congestive heart failure. JAMA 1996;275:1557–62.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Vasan RS, Larson MG, Benjamin EJ, Evans JC, Reiss CK, Levy D. Congestive heart failure in subjects with normal versus reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: prevalence and mortality in a population-based cohort. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;33:1948–55.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Kitzman DW, Gardin JM, Gottdiener JS, et al. Importance of heart failure with preserved systolic function in patients > 65 years of age. CHS Research Group. Cardiovascular Health Study. Am J Cardiol 2001;87:413–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Croft JB, Giles WH, Pollard RA, Keenan NL, Casper ML, Anda RF. Heart failure survival among older adults in the United States: a poor prognosis for an emerging epidemic in the Medicare population. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:505–10.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Vinson JM, Rich MW, Shah AS, Sperry JC. Early readmission of elderly patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Geriatr Soc 1990;38:1290–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Krumholz HM, Parent EM, Tu N, et al. Readmission after hospitalization for congestive heart failure among Medicare beneficiaries. Arch Intern Med 1997;157:99–104.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Ho KK, Anderson KM, Kannel WB, Grossman W, Levy D. Survival after the onset of congestive heart failure in Framingham Heart Study subjects. Circulation 1993;88:107–15.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Pernenkil R, Vinson JM, Shah AS, Beckham V, Wittenberg C, Rich MW. Course and prognosis in patients > 70 years of age with congestive heart failure and normal versus abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction. Am J Cardiol 1997;79:216–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Senni M, Tribouilloy CM, Rodeheffer RJ, et al. Congestive heart failure in the community: a study of all incident cases in Olmsted County, Minnesota, in 1991. Circulation 1998;98:2282–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Chinnaiyan KM, Alexander D, Maddens M, McCullough PA. Curriculum in cardiology: integrated diagnosis and management of diastolic heart failure. Am Heart J 2007;153:189–200.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Heart Failure Society of America. Executive summary: HFSA 2006 comprehensive heart failure practice guideline. J Card Fail 2006;12:10–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Rich MW, Beckham V, Wittenberg C, Leven CL, Freedland KE, Carney RM. A multidisciplinary intervention to prevent the readmission of elderly patients with congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1190–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. McAlister FA, Lawson FM, Teo KK, Armstrong PW. A systematic review of randomized trials of disease management programs in heart failure. Am J Med 2001;110:378–84.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Flather MD, Yusuf S, Køber L, et al. Long-term ACE-inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure or left-ventricular dysfunction: a systematic overview of data from individual patients. Lancet 2000;355:1575–81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Pitt B, Poole-Wilson PA, Segal R, et al. Effect of losartan compared with captopril on mortality in patients with symptomatic heart failure: randomized trial – the Losartan Heart Failure Survival Study ELITE II. Lancet 2000;355:1582–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Cohn JN, Tognoni G, for the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial Investigators. A randomized trial of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1667–75.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Cohn JN, Archibald DG, Ziesche S, et al. Effect of vasodilator therapy on mortality in chronic congestive heart failure. Results of a Veterans Administration Cooperative Study. N Engl J Med 1986;314:1547–52.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Cohn JN, Johnson G, Ziesche S, et al. A comparison of enalapril with hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure. N Eng J Med 1991;325:303–10.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. CIBIS-II Investigators and Committees. The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS II): a randomized trial. Lancet 1999;353:9–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet 1999;353:2001–7.

    Google Scholar 

  28. The Digitalis Investigation Group. The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure. N Engl J Med 1997;336:525–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Rich MW, McSherry F, Williford WO, Yusuf S, for the Digitalis Investigation Group. Effect of age on mortality, hospitalizations and response to digoxin in patients with heart failure: The DIG Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;38:806–13.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, et al. The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999;341:709–17.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Yusuf S, Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K, Granger CB, Held P, McMurray JJ, Michelson EL, Olofsson B, Ostergren J; CHARM Investigators and Committees. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: the CHARM-Preserved Trial. Lancet 2003;362:777–81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Cleland JG, Tendera M, Adamus J, Freemantle N, Polonski L, Taylor J; PEP-CHF Investigators. The perindopril in elderly people with chronic heart failure (PEP-CHF) study. Eur Heart J 2006;27:2338–45.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Anker SD, Rauchhaus M. Heart failure as a metabolic problem. Eur J Heart Failure 1999;1:127–31.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Anker SD, Rauchhaus M. Insights into the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure: immune activation and cachexia. Curr Opin Cardiol 1999;14:211–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Berry C, Clark AL. Catabolism in chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2000;21:521–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Anker SD, Chua TP, Ponikowski P, et al. Hormonal changes and catabolic/anabolic imbalance in chronic heart failure and their importance for cardiac cachexia. Circulation 1997;96:526–34.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Poehlman ET, Scheffers J, Gottlieb SS, Fisher ML, Vaitkevicius P. Increased resting metabolic rates in patients with congestive heart failure. Ann Intern Med 1994;121:860–2.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Freeman LM, Roubenoff R. The nutrition implications of cardiac cachexia. Nutr Rev 1994;52:340–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Anker SD, Ponikowski P, Varney S, et al. Wasting as independent risk factor for mortality in chronic heart failure. Lancet 1997;349:1050–3.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Murdoch DR, Rooney E, Dargie HJ, Shapiro D, Morton JJ, McMurray JJ. Inappropriately low plasma leptin concentration in the cachexia associated with chronic heart failure. Heart 1999;82:352–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Strassburg S, Anker SD. Metabolic and immunologic derangements in cardiac cachexia: where to from here? Heart Fail Rev 2006;11:57–64.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Nagaya N, Moriya J, Yasumura Y, Uematsu M, Ono F, Shimizu W, Ueno K, Kitakaze M, Miyatake K, Kangawa K. Effects of ghrelin administration on left ventricular function, exercise capacity, and muscle wasting in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 2004;110:3674–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Zhao SP, Zeng LH. Elevated plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor in chronic heart failure with cachexia. Int J Cardiol 1997;58:257–61.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Poehlman ET, Toth MJ, Fishman PS, et al. Sarcopenia in aging humans: the impact of menopause and disease. J Gerontol Biol Sci Med Sci 1995;50:73–7.

    Google Scholar 

  45. King D, Smith ML, Chapman TJ, Stockdale HR, Lye M. Fat malabsorption in elderly patients with cardiac cachexia. Age Ageing 1996;25:144–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. King D, Smith ML, Lye M. Gastro-intestinal protein loss in elderly patients with cardiac cachexia. Age Ageing 1996;25:221–3.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Anker SD, Negassa A, Coats AJ, Afzal R, Poole-Wilson PA, Cohn JN, Yusuf S. Prognostic importance of weight loss in chronic heart failure and the effect of treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: an observational study. Lancet 2003;361:1077–83.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Hryniewicz K, Androne AS, Hudaihed A, Katz SD. Partial reversal of cachexia by beta adrenergic receptor blocker therapy in patients with chronic heart failure. J Card Fail 2003;9:464–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Adigun AQ, Ajayi AAL. The effects of enalapril-digoxin-diuretic combination therapy on nutritional and anthropometric indices in chronic congestive heart failure: preliminary findings in cardiac cachexia. Eur J Heart Failure 2001;3:359–63.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Mann DL, McMurray JJ, Packer M, et al. Targeted anticytokine therapy in patients with chronic heart failure: results of the Randomized Etanercept Worldwide Evaluation (RENEWAL). Circulation 2004;109:1594–602.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Broqvist M, Arnqvist H, Dahlstrom U, Larsson J, Nylander E, Permert J. Nutritional assessment and muscle energy metabolism in severe chronic congestive heart failure: effects of long-term dietary supplementation. Eur Heart J 1994;15:1641–50.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Heymsfield SB, Casper K. Congestive heart failure: clinical management by use of continuous nasoenteric feeding. Am J Clin Nutr 1989;50:539–44.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Paccagnella A, Calo MA, Caenaro G, et al. Cardiac cachexia: preoperative and postoperative nutritional management. J Parenteral Enteral Nutr 1994;18:409–16.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Morrison WL, Gibson JN, Rennie MJ. Skeletal muscle and whole body protein turnover in cardiac cachexia: influence of branched-chain amino acid administration. Eur J Clin Invest 1988;18:648–54.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Horwich TB, Fonarow GC, Hamilton MA, MacLellan WR, Woo MA, Tillisch JH. The relationship between obesity and mortality in patients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;38:789–95.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Villareal DT, Apovian CM, Kushner RF, Klein S. Obesity in older adults: technical review and position statement of the American Society for Nutrition and NAASO, The Obesity Society. Obes Res 2005;13(11):1849–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Huynh BC, Rovner A, Rich MW. Long-term survival in elderly patients hospitalized for heart failure: 14-year follow-up from a prospective randomized trial. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:1892–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Ghali JK, Kadakia S, Cooper R, Ferlinz J. Precipitating factors leading to decompensation of heart failure: traits among urban blacks. Arch Intern Med 1988;148:2013–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Witte KK, Clark AL. Micronutrients and their supplementation in chronic cardiac failure. An update beyond theoretical perspectives. Heart Fail Rev 2006;11:65–74.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Witte KK, Clark AL, Cleland JGF. Chronic heart failure and micronutrients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;37:1765–74.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Kopp SJ, Klevay LM, Feliksik JM. Physiological and metabolic characterization of a cardiomyopathy induced by chronic copper deficiency. Am J Physiol 1983;245:H855–66.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Lockitch G, Taylor GP, Wong LT, et al. Cardiomyopathy associated with nonendemic selenium deficiency in a Caucasian adolescent. Am J Clin Nutr 1990;52:572–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Coudray C, Boucher F, Richard MJ, et al. Zinc deficiency, ethanol and myocardial ischemia effect lipoperoxidation in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 1991;30:103–18.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Li Y, Huang TT, Carlson EJ, et al. Dilated cardiomyopathy and neonatal lethality in mutant mice lacking manganese superoxide dismutase. Nat Genet 1995;11:376–81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Golik A, Cohen N, Ramot Y, et al. Type II diabetes mellitus, congestive cardiac failure and zinc metabolism. Biol Trace Elem Res 1993;39:171–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Liu P, Olivieri N. Iron overload cardiomyopathies: new insights into an old disease. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1994;8:101–10.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Djoenaidi W, Notermans SL, Dunda G. Beriberi cardiomyopathy. Eur J Clin Nutr 1992;46:227–34.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Seligmann H, Halkin H, Rauchfleisch S, et al. Thiamin deficiency in patients with congestive heart failure receiving long-term furosemide therapy: a pilot study. Am J Med 1991;91:151–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Shimon I, Almog S, Vered Z, et al. Improved left ventricular function after thiamin supplementation in patients with congestive heart failure receiving long-term furosemide therapy. Am J Med 1995;98:485–90.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Zangen A, Botzer D, Zangen R, Shainberg A. Furosemide and digoxin inhibit thiaminie uptake in cardiac cells. Eur J Pharmacol 1998;13:151–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. Ting HH, Timimi FK, Haley EA, et al. Vitamin C improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in forearm resistance vessels of humans with hypercholesterolemia. Circulation 1997;95:2617–22.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Gokce N, Keaney JF, Frei B, et al. Long-term ascorbic acid administration reverses endothelial vasomotor dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 1999;99:3234–40.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Hornig B, Arakawa N, Kohler C, Drexler H. Vitamin C improves endothelial function of conduit arteries in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 1998;97:363–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Khaw KT, Bingham S, Welch A, et al. Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: a prospective population study. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Lancet 2001;357:657–63.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Gale CR, Martyn CN, Winter PD, Cooper C. Vitamin C and risk of death from stroke and coronary heart disease in cohort of elderly people. BMJ 1995;310:1563–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Enstrom JE, Kanim LE, Klein MA. Vitamin C intake and mortality among a sample of the United States population. Epidemiology 1992;3:194–202.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Calzada C, Bruckdorfer KR, Rice-Evans CA. The influence of antioxidant nutrients on platelet function in healthy volunteers. Atherosclerosis 1997;128:97–105.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Ascherio A, et al. Vitamin E consumption and risk of coronary heart disease in men. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1450–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Stampfer MJ, Hennekens CH, Manson JE, et al. Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary disease in women. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1444–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Losonczy KG, Harris TB, Havlik RJ. Vitamin E and vitamin C supplement use and risk of all-cause and coronary heart disease mortality in older persons: the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly. Am J Clin Nutr 1996;64:190–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Kushi LH, Folsom AR, Prineas RJ, Mink PJ, Wu Y, Bostick RM. Dietary antioxidant vitamins and death from coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 1996;334:1156–62.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Eidelman RS, Hollar D, Hebert PR, Lamas GA, Hennekens CH. Randomized trials of vitamin E in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:1552–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Miller ER, Pastor-Barriuso R, Dalai D, Riemersma RA, Appel LJ, Guallar E. Meta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann Intern Med 2005;142:37–46.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Lonn E, Bosch J, Yusuf S, Sheridan P, Pogue J, Arnold JM, Ross C, Arnold A, Sleight P, Probstfield J, Dagenais GR. HOPE and HOPE-TOO Trial Investigators. Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005;293:1338–47.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Selhub J, Jacques PF, Wilson PWF, et al. Vitamin status and intake as primary determinants of homocysteinemia in an elderly population. JAMA 1993;270:2693–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Eikelboom JW, Lonn E, Genest J, Hankey G, Yusuf S. Homocyst(e)ine and cardiovascular disease: a critical review of the epidemiologic evidence. Ann Intern Med 1999;131:363–75.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Bots ML, Launer LJ, Lindemans J, et al. Homocysteine and short-term risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in the elderly: the Rotterdam Study. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:38–44.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Bostom AG, Rosenberg IH, Silbershatz H, et al. Nonfasting plasma total homocysteine levels and stroke incidence in elderly persons: the Framingham Study. Ann Intern Med 1999;131:352–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Herrmann M, Taban-Shomal O, Hubner U, Bohm M, Herrmann W. A review of homocysteine and heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2006;8:571–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Weisshaar RE, Simpson RU. Involvement of vitamin D3 with cardiovascular function: direct and indirect effects. Am J Physiol 1987;253:E675–83.

    Google Scholar 

  91. MacLaughlin J, Holick MF. Aging decreases the capacity of human skin to produce vitamin D3. J Clin Invest 1985;76:1536–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Shane E, Mancini D, Aaronson K, et al. Bone mass, vitamin D deficiency and hypoparathyroidism in congestive heart failure. Am J Med 1997;103:197–207.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Tavani A, Negri E, D’Avanzo B, LaVecchia C. Beta-carotene intake and risk of nonfatal acute myocardial infarction in women. Eur J Epidemiol 1997;13:631–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. DePinieux G, Chariot P, Ammi-Said M, et al. Lipid-lowering drugs and mitochondrial function: effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on serum ubiquinone and blood lactate/pyruvate ratio. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1996;42:333–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Hofman-Bang C, Rehnqvist N, Swedberg K, Wiklund I, Astrom H. Coenzyme Q10 as an adjunctive in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure. The Q10 Study Group. J Cardiac Failure 1995;1:101–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Watson PS, Scalia GM, Galbraith A, Burstow DJ, Bett N, Aroney CN. Lack of effect of coenzyme Q on left ventricular function in patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;33:1549–52.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Khatta M, Alexander BS, Krichten CM, et al. The effect of coenzyme Q10 in patients with congestive heart failure. Ann Intern Med 2000;132:636–40.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Belardinelli R, Mucaj A, Lacalaprice F, et al. Coenzyme Q10 and exercise training in chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2006;27:2675–81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Weant KA, Smith KM. The role of coenzyme Q10 in heart failure. Ann Pharmacother 2005;39:1522–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Nawarskas JJ. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and coenzyme Q10. Cardiol Rev 2005;13:76–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Anand I, Chandrashekhan Y, DeGiuli F, et al. Acute and chronic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on the hemodynamics, exercise capacity and hormones in patients with congestive heart failure. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1998;12:291–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. The Investigators of the Study on Propionyl-L-Carnitine in Chronic Heart Failure. Study on propionyl-l-carnitine in chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 1999;20:70–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  103. Gordon A, Hultman E, Kaijser L. Creatine supplementation in chronic heart failure increases skeletal muscle creatine phosphate and muscle performance. Cardiovasc Res 1995;30:413–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Witte KK, Nikitin NP, Parker AC, von Haehling S, Volk HD, Anker SD, Clark AL, Cleland JG. The effect of micronutrient supplementation on quality-of-life and left ventricular function in elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2005;26:2238–44.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO

    Christopher Holley

  2. Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO

    Michael W. Rich

Authors
  1. Christopher Holley
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Michael W. Rich
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for the Study of Aging &, Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, USA

    Connie W. Bales

  2. Div. Gerontology, Geriatrics &, Palliative Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, 19th Street South 933, Birmingham, 35294, USA

    Christine S. Ritchie

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Holley, C., Rich, M.W. (2009). Chronic Heart Failure. In: Bales, C., Ritchie, C. (eds) Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and Aging. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-385-5_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-385-5_18

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-60327-384-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-60327-385-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation