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Waste Stabilization Ponds and Lagoons

  • Chapter
Biological Treatment Processes

Part of the book series: Handbook of Environmental Engineering ((HEE,volume 8))

Abstract

One of the simplest forms of biological treatment processes is the stabilization pond or stabilization lagoon. It is also the most common industrial wastewater treatment facility. This versatile installation serves many basic purposes, including: (a) storage or impoundment of wastewater; (b) settling and removal of suspended solids; (c) storage or impoundment of settled solids; (d) equalization; (e) aeration; (f) biological treatment; and (g) evaporation. The relative simplicity and low operating costs of a stabilization pond make it the preferred technology for handling, treatment and disposal of industrial wastewater as well as municipal wastewater for small communities. Besides the description of ponds complex ecological system and the complicated reactions that take place, the chapter covers the system variables, design criteria, process control, capital and operating costs, applications and examples of process design.

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Acknowledgments

This chapter is updated based on the first edition, which was originally written by Drs. Mu Hao Sung Wang, Lawrence K. Wang and Calvin P. C. Poon. Dr. Mu Hao Sung Wang will coauthor the chapter again in next edition.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lenox Institute of Water Technology, Lenox, MA

    Nazih K. Shammas

  2. Lenox Institute of Water Technology, Lenox, MA

    Lawrence K. Wang

  3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

    Zucheng Wu

Authors
  1. Nazih K. Shammas
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  2. Lawrence K. Wang
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  3. Zucheng Wu
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Lenox Institute of Water Technology, Lenox, MA

    Lawrence K. Wang PhD, PE, DEE

  2. Krofta Engineering Corporation, Lenox, MA

    Lawrence K. Wang PhD, PE, DEE

  3. Zorex Corporation, 1 Dawn Drive, Latham, NY, 12110, USA

    Lawrence K. Wang PhD, PE, DEE

  4. Monsanto Company, 14620 Mill Spring Ct., Chesterfield, MO, 63017

    Norman C. Pereira PhD

  5. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cleveland State University, 16945 Deerfield Drive, Strongsville, OH, 44136, USA

    Yung-Tse Hung PhD, PE, DEE

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Shammas, N.K., Wang, L.K., Wu, Z. (2009). Waste Stabilization Ponds and Lagoons. In: Wang, L.K., Pereira, N.C., Hung, YT. (eds) Biological Treatment Processes. Handbook of Environmental Engineering, vol 8. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-156-1_8

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