Skip to main content

Adult High-Grade Glioma

  • Chapter
High-Grade Gliomas

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Oncology ((CCO))

Abstract

Why adults develop high-grade gliomas (HGG) is still unknown. These aggressive tumors may present in a number of ways, depending on such factors as growth rate and anatomic location. Whereas standard histopathological and epidemiological studies have helped us categorize patients with HGG into risk groups, treatment results for most patients are still unsatisfactory. An improved epidemiological understanding of brain tumors in conjunction with continued advances in the use of molecular markers will hopefully lead to better treatment and prevention strategies. This chapter serves as an introduction into the epidemiology of HGG and their associated risk factors. We also present the neurological signs and symptoms that a glioma may cause, and the prognostic factors used for estimating survival.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Cancer Facts and Figures 2002. Atlanta, Georgia: American Cancer Society, Inc., 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, 1995–1999. (Accessed July 1, 2004; available at http://www.cbtrus.org.)

  3. Davis FG, Kupelian V, Freels S, McCarthy B, Surawicz T. Prevalence estimates for primary brain tumors in the United States by behavior and major histology groups. Neuro-oncology 2001;3:152–158.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Legler JM, Ries LA, Smith MA, et al. Cancer surveillance series [corrected]: brain and other central nervous system cancers: recent trends in incidence and mortality. J Natl Cancer Inst 1999;91:1382–1390.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Wrensch M, Minn Y, Chew T, Bondy M, Berger MS. Epidemiology of primary brain tumors: current concepts and review of the literature. Neuro-oncology 2002;4:278–299.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Surawicz TS, McCarthy BJ, Kupelian V, Jukich PJ, Bruner JM, Davis FG. Descriptive epidemiology of primary brain and CNS tumors: results from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, 1990-1994. Neuro-oncology 1999; 1:14–25.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. McKinley BP, Michalek AM, Fenstermaker RA, Plunkett RJ. The impact of age and sex on the incidence of glial tumors in New York state from 1976 to 1995. J Neurosurg 2000;93:932–939.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Chen P, Aldape K, Wiencke JK, et al. Ethnicity delineates different genetic pathways in malignant glioma. Cancer Res 2001;61:3949–3954.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Gurney JG, Kadan-Lottick N. Brain and other central nervous system tumors: rates, trends, and epidemiology. Curr Opin Oncol 2001;13:160–166.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Osborne RH, Houben MP, Tijssen CC, Coebergh JW, van Duijn CM. The genetic epidemiology of glioma. Neurology 2001;57:1751–1755.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Malmer B, Iselius L, Holmberg E, Collins A, Henriksson R, Gronberg H. Genetic epidemiology of glioma. Br J Cancer 2001;84:429–434.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Inskip PD, Linet MS, Heineman EF. Etiology of brain tumors in adults. Epidemiol Rev 1995;17:382–414.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Cuomo L, Trivedi P, Cardillo MR, et al. Human herpesvirus 6 infection in neoplastic and normal brain tissue. J Med Virol 2001;63:45–51.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Cobbs CS, Harkins L, Samanta M, et al. Human cytomegalovirus infection and expression in human malignant glioma. Cancer Res 2002;62:3347–3350.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Wrensch M, Yost M, Miike R, Lee G, Touchstone J. Adult glioma in relation to residential power frequency electromagnetic field exposures in the San Francisco Bay area. Epidemiology 1999;10:523–527.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Gurney JG, van Wijngaarden E. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) and brain cancer in adults and children: review and comment. Neuro-oncology 1999; 1:212–220.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Elwood JM. A critical review of epidemiologic studies of radiofrequency exposure and human cancers. Environ Health Perspect 1999;107(1):155–168.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Jauchem JR. A literature review of medical side effects from radio-frequency energy in the human environment: involving cancer, tumors, and problems of the central nervous system. J Microw Power Electromagn Energy 2003;38:103–123.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Inskip PD, Tarone RE, Hatch EE, et al. Cellular-telephone use and brain tumors. N Engl J Med 2001;344: 79–86.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Inskip PD, Mellemkjaer L, Gridley G, Olsen JH. Incidence of intracranial tumors following hospitalization for head injuries (Denmark). Cancer Causes Control 1998;9:109–116.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Minn Y, Wrensch M, Bondy ML. Epidemiology of primary brain tumors. In: Prados M, ed. Brain Cancer. Hamilton, Ontario: B.C. Decker, 2002:1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Wrensch M, Bondy ML, Wiencke J, Yost M. Environmental risk factors for primary malignant brain tumors: a review. J Neurooncol 1993;17:47–64.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. DeAngelis LM. Brain tumors. N Engl J Med 2001;344:114–123.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Vecht CJ, Wagner GL, Wilms EB. Treating seizures in patients with brain tumors: Drug interactions between antiepileptic and chemotherapeutic agents. Semin Oncol 2003;30:49–52.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Forsyth PA, Weaver S, Fulton D, et al. Prophylactic anticonvulsants in patients with brain tumour. Can J Neurol Sci 2003;30:106–112.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Behin A, Hoang-Xuan K, Carpentier AF, Delattre JY. Primary brain tumours in adults. Lancet 2003;361:323–331.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, 2002. (Accessed July 1, 2004, at http://www.cbtrus.org.)

  28. Prados MD, Seiferheld W, Sandler HM, et al. Phase III randomized study of radiotherapy plus procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine with or without BUdR for treatment of anaplastic astrocytoma: final report of RTOG 9404. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004;58:1147–1152.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Reavey-Cantwell JF, Haroun RI, Zahurak M, et al. The prognostic value of tumor markers in patients with glioblastoma multiforme: analysis of 32 patients and review of the literature. J Neurooncol 2001;55: 195–204.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Korshunov A, Golanov A, Sycheva R. Immunohistochemical markers for prognosis of cerebral glioblas-tomas. J Neurooncol 2002;58:217–236.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Nutt CL, Mani DR, Betensky RA, et al. Gene expression-based classification of malignant gliomas correlates better with survival than histological classification. Cancer Res 2003;63:1602–1607.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Smith JS, Perry A, Borell TJ, et al. Alterations of chromosome arms 1p and 19q as predictors of survival in oligodendrogliomas, astrocytomas, and mixed oligoastrocytomas. J Clin Oncol 2000;18:636–645.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Senger D, Cairncross JG, Forsyth PA. Long-term survivors of glioblastoma: statistical aberration or important unrecognized molecular subtype? Cancer J 2003;9:214–221.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Smith JS, Tachibana I, Passe SM, et al. PTEN mutation, EGFR amplification, and outcome in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001;93:1246–1256.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Simmons ML, Lamborn KR, Takahashi M, et al. Analysis of complex relationships between age, p53, epidermal growth factor receptor, and survival in glioblastoma patients. Cancer Res 2001;61:1122–1128.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Shiraishi T, Tabuchi K. Genetic alterations of human brain tumors as molecular prognostic factors. Neuropathology 2003;23:95–108.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Curran WJ, Jr., Scott CB, Horton J, et al. Recursive partitioning analysis of prognostic factors in three Radiation Therapy Oncology Group malignant glioma trials. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85:704–710.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Lamborn KR, Chang SM, Prados MD. Prognostic factors for survival of patients with glioblastoma: recursive partitioning analysis. Neurooncology 2004;6:227–235.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Scott JN, Rewcastle NB, Brasher PM, et al. Which glioblastoma multiforme patient will become a long-term survivor? A population-based study. Ann Neurol 1999;46:183–188.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Buckner JC. Factors influencing survival in high-grade gliomas. Semin Oncol 2003;30:10–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Schiff D, Shaffrey ME. Role of resection for newly diagnosed malignant gliomas. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2003; 3:621–630.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Butowski, N., Chang, S. (2007). Adult High-Grade Glioma. In: Barnett, G.H. (eds) High-Grade Gliomas. Current Clinical Oncology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-185-7_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-185-7_4

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-511-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-185-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics