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DTI in Psychiatry

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Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Abstract

Recent advances in biological psychiatry promise to improve our understanding and treatment of mental illness through the development of objective, quantitative biomarkers. Furthermore, psychiatric disorders are increasingly conceptualized in terms of aberrant connectivity, where both brain structure and function are impaired. Diffusion MRI (including diffusion tensor imaging, DTI) bridges these two concepts by providing unparalleled insight into white matter microstructure in vivo, and hence the potential to identify useful biomarkers. However, the application of DTI in psychiatry is far from trivial owing to special challenges inherent to defining psychopathology, the practical issues associated with scanning patients and the lack of sensitivity and specificity of DTI measures. This chapter reviews the present and future role of DTI in psychiatry and provides a detailed overview of the practical issues that should be considered when designing and carrying out a DTI study that includes patients with psychiatric disorders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INSERM U955 Team 15 “Translation Psychiatry”, Fondation Fondamental, APHP, Hôpitaux, Universitaires Mondor, Créteil, France

    Josselin Houenou MD, PhD

  2. NeuroSpin Neuroimaging Center, UNIACT Lab, Psychiatry Team, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France

    Josselin Houenou MD, PhD

  3. Translational MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, and Radiology, University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium

    Louise Emsell PhD

  4. Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum (UPC), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Louise Emsell PhD

Authors
  1. Josselin Houenou MD, PhD
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  2. Louise Emsell PhD
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Correspondence to Louise Emsell PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. icometrix; Department of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Leuven, Antwerpen, Belgium

    Wim Van Hecke

  2. Departments of Translational MRI and Radiology, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Louise Emsell

  3. Departments of Translational MRI and Radiology, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Stefan Sunaert

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Houenou, J., Emsell, L. (2016). DTI in Psychiatry. In: Van Hecke, W., Emsell, L., Sunaert, S. (eds) Diffusion Tensor Imaging. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3118-7_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3118-7_18

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