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Novel Targets for Future Medical Treatments

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Management of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

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Abstract

There have been major developments in our understanding of the histopathological classification, genetics, molecular signaling pathways, and treatment of pNETs over the last decade. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is a promising target for well-differentiated pNETs. A number of agents targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGF) have shown equal promise and success. The approval of both everolimus and sunitinib by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2011 for the treatment of progressive pNETs has forever changed the landscape of treatment of advanced pNETs. Each agent demonstrated an improvement in progression-free survival. Other novel therapies including bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor, and insulin growth factor receptor inhibitors are showing promise with pNETs by improving progression-free survival alone or in combination with other targeted agents. There are an unprecedented number of ongoing clinical trials of innovative treatments for this disease and the development of combination therapy will lead to better therapeutic outcomes. Further advances are on the horizon.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Suite 1042AC, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA

    Sandy T. Liu M.D.

  2. Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Suite 1042AC, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA

    Andrew E. Hendifar M.D., M.P.H.

  3. Carcinoid and Neuroendocrine Tumor Program Medical Oncology, Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Suite 1042AC, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA

    Edward M. Wolin M.D.

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  1. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Joseph R. Pisegna

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Liu, S.T., Hendifar, A.E., Wolin, E.M. (2015). Novel Targets for Future Medical Treatments. In: Pisegna, J. (eds) Management of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1798-3_12

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